---
title: Add NLP inference to ingest pipelines
description: After you deploy a trained model in your cluster, you can use it to perform natural language processing tasks in ingest pipelines. Verify that all of...
url: https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/machine-learning/nlp/ml-nlp-inference
products:
  - Elasticsearch
  - Machine Learning
applies_to:
  - Elastic Cloud Serverless: Generally available
  - Elastic Stack: Generally available
---

# Add NLP inference to ingest pipelines
After you [deploy a trained model in your cluster](https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/machine-learning/nlp/ml-nlp-deploy-models), you can use it to perform natural language processing tasks in ingest pipelines.
1. Verify that all of the [ingest pipeline prerequisites](/docs/manage-data/ingest/transform-enrich/ingest-pipelines#ingest-prerequisites) are met.
2. [Add an inference processor to an ingest pipeline](#ml-nlp-inference-processor).
3. [Ingest documents](#ml-nlp-inference-ingest-docs).
4. [View the results](#ml-nlp-inference-discover).


## Add an inference processor to an ingest pipeline

In Kibana, you can create and edit pipelines from the **Ingest Pipelines** management page. You can find this page in the main menu or using the [global search field](https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/find-and-organize/find-apps-and-objects).
![Creating a pipeline](https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/images/machine-learning-ml-nlp-pipeline-lang.png)

1. Click **Create pipeline** or edit an existing pipeline.
2. Add an [inference processor](https://www.elastic.co/docs/reference/enrich-processor/inference-processor) to your pipeline:
   1. Click **Add a processor** and select the **Inference** processor type.
2. Set **Model ID** to the name of your trained model, for example `elastic__distilbert-base-cased-finetuned-conll03-english` or `lang_ident_model_1`.
3. If you use the language identification model (`lang_ident_model_1`) that is provided in your cluster:
   1. The input field name is assumed to be `text`. If you want to identify languages in a field with a different name, you must map your field name to `text` in the **Field map** section. For example:
   ```js
   {
     "message": "text"
   }
   ```
2. You can also optionally add [classification configuration options](https://www.elastic.co/docs/reference/enrich-processor/inference-processor#inference-processor-classification-opt) in the **Inference configuration** section. For example, to include the top five language predictions:
   ```js
   {
     "classification":{
       "num_top_classes":5
     }
   }
   ```
4. Click **Add** to save the processor.
3. Optional: Add a [set processor](https://www.elastic.co/docs/reference/enrich-processor/set-processor) to index the ingest timestamp.
   1. Click **Add a processor** and select the **Set** processor type.
2. Choose a name for the field (such as `event.ingested`) and set its value to `{{{_ingest.timestamp}}}`. For more details, refer to [Access ingest metadata in a processor](/docs/manage-data/ingest/transform-enrich/ingest-pipelines#access-ingest-metadata).
3. Click **Add** to save the processor.
4. Optional: Add failure processors to handle exceptions. For example, in the **Failure processors** section:
   1. Add a set processor to capture the pipeline error message. Choose a name for the field (such as `ml.inference_failure`) and set its value to the `{{_ingest.on_failure_message}}` document metadata field.
2. Add a set processor to reroute problematic documents to a different index for troubleshooting purposes. Use the `_index` metadata field and set its value to a new name (such as `failed-{{{ _index }}}`). For more details, refer to [Handling pipeline failures](/docs/manage-data/ingest/transform-enrich/ingest-pipelines#handling-pipeline-failures).
5. To test the pipeline, click **Add documents**.
   1. In the **Documents** tab, provide a sample document for testing.
   For example, to test a trained model that performs named entity recognition (NER):
   ```js
   [
     {
       "_source": {
       "text_field":"Hello, my name is Josh and I live in Berlin."
       }
     }
   ]
   ```
   To test a trained model that performs language identification:
   ```js
   [
    {
      "_source":{
        "message":"Sziasztok! Ez egy rövid magyar szöveg. Nézzük, vajon sikerül-e azonosítania a language identification funkciónak? Annak ellenére is sikerülni fog, hogy a szöveg két angol szót is tartalmaz."
        }
     }
   ]
   ```
2. Click **Run the pipeline** and verify the pipeline worked as expected.
   In the language identification example, the predicted value is the ISO identifier of the language with the highest probability. In this case, it should be `hu` for Hungarian.
3. If everything looks correct, close the panel, and click **Create pipeline**. The pipeline is now ready for use.


## Ingest documents

You can now use your ingest pipeline to perform NLP tasks on your data.
Before you add data, consider which mappings you want to use. For example, you can create explicit mappings with the create index API in the **Dev Tools** > **Console**:
```json

{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "ml.inference.predicted_value": {"type": "annotated_text"},
      "ml.inference.model_id": {"type": "keyword"},
      "text_field": {"type": "text"},
      "event.ingested": {"type": "date"}
    }
  }
}
```

<tip>
  To use the `annotated_text` data type in this example, you must install the [mapper annotated text plugin](https://www.elastic.co/docs/reference/elasticsearch/plugins/mapper-annotated-text). For more installation details, refer to [Add plugins provided with Elastic Cloud Hosted](https://www.elastic.co/docs/reference/elasticsearch/plugins/plugin-management).
</tip>

You can then use the new pipeline to index some documents. For example, use a bulk indexing request with the `pipeline` query parameter for your NER pipeline:
```json

{"create":{"_index":"ner-test","_id":"1"}}
{"text_field":"Hello, my name is Josh and I live in Berlin."}
{"create":{"_index":"ner-test","_id":"2"}}
{"text_field":"I work for Elastic which was founded in Amsterdam."}
{"create":{"_index":"ner-test","_id":"3"}}
{"text_field":"Elastic has headquarters in Mountain View, California."}
{"create":{"_index":"ner-test","_id":"4"}}
{"text_field":"Elastic's founder, Shay Banon, created Elasticsearch to solve a simple need: finding recipes!"}
{"create":{"_index":"ner-test","_id":"5"}}
{"text_field":"Elasticsearch is built using Lucene, an open source search library."}
```

Or use an individual indexing request with the `pipeline` query parameter for your language identification pipeline:
```json

{
  "message": "Mon pays ce n'est pas un pays, c'est l'hiver"
}
```

You can also use NLP pipelines when you are reindexing documents to a new destination. For example, since the [sample web logs data set](/docs/explore-analyze#gs-get-data-into-kibana) contain a `message` text field, you can reindex it with your language identification pipeline:
```json

{
  "source": {
    "index": "kibana_sample_data_logs",
    "size": 50
  },
  "dest": {
    "index": "lang-test",
    "pipeline": "my-lang-pipeline"
  }
}
```

However, those web log messages are unlikely to contain enough words for the model to accurately identify the language.
<tip>
  Set the reindex `size` option to a value smaller than the `queue_capacity` for the trained model deployment. Otherwise, requests might be rejected with a "too many requests" 429 error code.
</tip>


## View the results

Before you can verify the results of the pipelines, you must [create data views](https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/find-and-organize/data-views). Then you can explore your data in **Discover**:
![A document from the NER pipeline in the Discover app](https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/images/machine-learning-ml-nlp-discover-ner.png)

The `ml.inference.predicted_value` field contains the output from the inference processor. In this NER example, there are two documents that contain the `Elastic` organization entity.
In this language identification example, the `ml.inference.predicted_value` contains the ISO identifier of the language with the highest probability and the `ml.inference.top_classes` fields contain the top five most probable languages and their scores:
![A document from the language identification pipeline in the Discover app](https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/images/machine-learning-ml-nlp-discover-lang.png)

To learn more about ingest pipelines and all of the other processors that you can add, refer to [Ingest pipelines](https://www.elastic.co/docs/manage-data/ingest/transform-enrich/ingest-pipelines).

## Common problems

If you encounter problems while using your trained model in an ingest pipeline, check the following possible causes:
1. The trained model is not deployed in your cluster. You can view its status by navigating to the **Trained models** page in the main menu, or using the [global search field](https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/find-and-organize/find-apps-and-objects) in Kibana. Alternatively, use the [get trained models statistics API](https://www.elastic.co/docs/api/doc/elasticsearch/operation/operation-ml-get-trained-models-stats). Unless you are using the built-in `lang_ident_model_1` model, you must ensure your model is successfully deployed. Refer to [Deploy the model in your cluster](https://www.elastic.co/docs/explore-analyze/machine-learning/nlp/ml-nlp-deploy-model).
2. The default input field name expected by your trained model is not present in your source document. Use the **Field Map** option in your inference processor to set the appropriate field name.
3. There are too many requests. If you are using bulk ingest, reduce the number of documents in the bulk request. If you are reindexing, use the `size` parameter to decrease the number of documents processed in each batch.

These common failure scenarios and others can be captured by adding failure processors to your pipeline. For more examples, refer to [Handling pipeline failures](/docs/manage-data/ingest/transform-enrich/ingest-pipelines#handling-pipeline-failures).

## Further reading

- [How to deploy NLP: Text Embeddings and Vector Search](https://www.elastic.co/blog/how-to-deploy-nlp-text-embeddings-and-vector-search)
- [How to deploy NLP: Named entity recognition (NER) example](https://www.elastic.co/blog/how-to-deploy-nlp-named-entity-recognition-ner-example)
- [How to deploy NLP: Sentiment Analysis Example](https://www.elastic.co/blog/how-to-deploy-nlp-sentiment-analysis-example)