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Traffic Capturing Options
editTraffic Capturing Options
editThere are two main ways of deploying Packetbeat:
- On dedicated servers, getting the traffic from mirror ports or tap devices.
- On your existing application servers.
The first option has the big advantage that there is no overhead of any kind on your application servers. But it requires dedicated networking gear, which is generally not available on cloud setups.
In both cases, the sniffing performance (reading packets passively from the network) is very important. In the case of a dedicated server, better sniffing performance means that less hardware is required. When Packetbeat is installed on an existing application server, better sniffing performance means less overhead.
Currently Packetbeat has several options for traffic capturing:
-
pcap, which uses the libpcap library and works on most platforms, but it’s not the fastest option. -
af_packet, which uses memory mapped sniffing. This option is faster than libpcap and doesn’t require a kernel module, but it’s Linux-specific. -
pf_ring, which makes use of an ntop.org project. This setting provides the best sniffing speed, but it requires a kernel module, and it’s Linux-specific.
The pf_ring option is a good configuration to use when you have
dedicated servers for Packetbeat. It provides sniffing speeds in the order of
Gigabits per second using only standard hardware.
The af_packet option, also known as "memory-mapped sniffing," makes use of a
Linux-specific
feature.
This could be the optimal sniffing mode for both the dedicated server and
when Packetbeat is deployed on an existing application server.
The way it works is that both the kernel and the user space program map the same memory zone, and a simple circular buffer is organized in this memory zone. The kernel writes packets into the circular buffer, and the user space program reads from it. The poll system call is used for getting a notification for the first packet available, but the remaining available packets can be simply read via memory access.
This option is not quite as fast as pf_ring (it works to up to 200k packets per second
before dropping packets), but it requires no kernel modules, and it’s still a
significant improvement over libpcap.
The af_packet sniffer can be further tuned to use more memory in exchange for
better performance. The larger the size of the circular buffer, the fewer
system calls are needed, which means that fewer CPU cycles are consumed. The default size
of the buffer is 30 MB, but you can increase it like this:
interfaces: device: eth0 type: af_packet buffer_size_mb: 100
Please see the Interfaces section for more configuration options.