JVM heap dumps

Ensure sufficient storage

Elasticsearch is configured by default to take heap dumps on out-of-memory exceptions to the default data directory. The default data directory is /usr/share/elasticsearch/data in the official Docker images that ECK uses. If you are running Elasticsearch with a large heap that is as large as the remaining space on the data volume, this can lead to a situation where Elasticsearch is no longer able to start. To avoid this scenario you have two options:

Choose a different path by setting -XX:HeapDumpPath= with the ES_JAVA_OPTS variable to a path where a volume with sufficient storage space is mounted
Resize the data volume to a sufficiently large size if your volume provisioner supports volume expansion

Taking add-hoc heap dumps

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To take a heap dump before the JVM process runs out of memory you can execute the heap dump command directly in the Elasticsearch container:

kubectl exec $POD_NAME -- su elasticsearch -g root -c \
  '/usr/share/elasticsearch/jdk/bin/jmap -dump:format=b,file=data/heap.hprof $(pgrep java)'

If the Elasticsearch container is running with a random user ID, as for example on OpenShift, there is no need to substitute the user identity:

kubectl exec $POD_NAME -- bash -c \
  '/usr/share/elasticsearch/jdk/bin/jmap -dump:format=b,file=data/heap.hprof $(pgrep java)'

Extracting heap dumps from the Elasticsearch container

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To retrieve heap dumps taken by the Elasticsearch JVM or by you, as described in the previous section, you can use the kubectl cp command:

kubectl cp $POD_NAME:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data/heap.hprof ./heap.hprof


# Remove the heap dump from the running container to free up space
kubectl exec $POD_NAME -- rm /usr/share/elasticsearch/data/heap.hprof

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