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Elastic Docs ›Elasticsearch Guide [8.15] ›Query DSL ›Geo queries

Geoshape query

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Geoshape query

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Filter documents indexed using either the geo_shape or the geo_point type.

The geo_shape query uses the same index as the geo_shape or geo_point mapping to find documents that have a shape that is related to the query shape, using a specified spatial relationship: either intersects, contained, within or disjoint.

The query supports two ways of defining the query shape, either by providing a whole shape definition, or by referencing the name of a shape pre-indexed in another index. Both formats are defined below with examples.

Inline shape definition

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Similar to the geo_point type, the geo_shape query uses GeoJSON to represent shapes.

Given the following index with locations as geo_shape fields:

resp = client.indices.create(
    index="example",
    mappings={
        "properties": {
            "location": {
                "type": "geo_shape"
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

resp1 = client.index(
    index="example",
    refresh=True,
    document={
        "name": "Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany",
        "location": {
            "type": "point",
            "coordinates": [
                13.400544,
                52.530286
            ]
        }
    },
)
print(resp1)
response = client.indices.create(
  index: 'example',
  body: {
    mappings: {
      properties: {
        location: {
          type: 'geo_shape'
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'example',
  refresh: true,
  body: {
    name: 'Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany',
    location: {
      type: 'point',
      coordinates: [
        13.400544,
        52.530286
      ]
    }
  }
)
puts response
const response = await client.indices.create({
  index: "example",
  mappings: {
    properties: {
      location: {
        type: "geo_shape",
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

const response1 = await client.index({
  index: "example",
  refresh: "true",
  document: {
    name: "Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany",
    location: {
      type: "point",
      coordinates: [13.400544, 52.530286],
    },
  },
});
console.log(response1);
PUT /example
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "location": {
        "type": "geo_shape"
      }
    }
  }
}

POST /example/_doc?refresh
{
  "name": "Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany",
  "location": {
    "type": "point",
    "coordinates": [ 13.400544, 52.530286 ]
  }
}

The following query will find the point using Elasticsearch’s envelope GeoJSON extension:

resp = client.search(
    index="example",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_shape": {
                    "location": {
                        "shape": {
                            "type": "envelope",
                            "coordinates": [
                                [
                                    13,
                                    53
                                ],
                                [
                                    14,
                                    52
                                ]
                            ]
                        },
                        "relation": "within"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)
response = client.search(
  index: 'example',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_shape: {
            location: {
              shape: {
                type: 'envelope',
                coordinates: [
                  [
                    13,
                    53
                  ],
                  [
                    14,
                    52
                  ]
                ]
              },
              relation: 'within'
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
const response = await client.search({
  index: "example",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_shape: {
          location: {
            shape: {
              type: "envelope",
              coordinates: [
                [13, 53],
                [14, 52],
              ],
            },
            relation: "within",
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);
GET /example/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_shape": {
          "location": {
            "shape": {
              "type": "envelope",
              "coordinates": [ [ 13.0, 53.0 ], [ 14.0, 52.0 ] ]
            },
            "relation": "within"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

The above query can, similarly, be queried on geo_point fields.

resp = client.indices.create(
    index="example_points",
    mappings={
        "properties": {
            "location": {
                "type": "geo_point"
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

resp1 = client.index(
    index="example_points",
    id="1",
    refresh=True,
    document={
        "name": "Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany",
        "location": [
            13.400544,
            52.530286
        ]
    },
)
print(resp1)
response = client.indices.create(
  index: 'example_points',
  body: {
    mappings: {
      properties: {
        location: {
          type: 'geo_point'
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'example_points',
  id: 1,
  refresh: true,
  body: {
    name: 'Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany',
    location: [
      13.400544,
      52.530286
    ]
  }
)
puts response
const response = await client.indices.create({
  index: "example_points",
  mappings: {
    properties: {
      location: {
        type: "geo_point",
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

const response1 = await client.index({
  index: "example_points",
  id: 1,
  refresh: "true",
  document: {
    name: "Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany",
    location: [13.400544, 52.530286],
  },
});
console.log(response1);
PUT /example_points
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "location": {
        "type": "geo_point"
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT /example_points/_doc/1?refresh
{
  "name": "Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany",
  "location": [13.400544, 52.530286]
}

Using the same query, the documents with matching geo_point fields are returned.

resp = client.search(
    index="example_points",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "must": {
                "match_all": {}
            },
            "filter": {
                "geo_shape": {
                    "location": {
                        "shape": {
                            "type": "envelope",
                            "coordinates": [
                                [
                                    13,
                                    53
                                ],
                                [
                                    14,
                                    52
                                ]
                            ]
                        },
                        "relation": "intersects"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)
response = client.search(
  index: 'example_points',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        must: {
          match_all: {}
        },
        filter: {
          geo_shape: {
            location: {
              shape: {
                type: 'envelope',
                coordinates: [
                  [
                    13,
                    53
                  ],
                  [
                    14,
                    52
                  ]
                ]
              },
              relation: 'intersects'
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
const response = await client.search({
  index: "example_points",
  query: {
    bool: {
      must: {
        match_all: {},
      },
      filter: {
        geo_shape: {
          location: {
            shape: {
              type: "envelope",
              coordinates: [
                [13, 53],
                [14, 52],
              ],
            },
            relation: "intersects",
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);
GET /example_points/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "must": {
        "match_all": {}
      },
      "filter": {
        "geo_shape": {
          "location": {
            "shape": {
              "type": "envelope",
              "coordinates": [ [ 13.0, 53.0 ], [ 14.0, 52.0 ] ]
            },
            "relation": "intersects"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
{
  "took" : 17,
  "timed_out" : false,
  "_shards" : {
    "total" : 1,
    "successful" : 1,
    "skipped" : 0,
    "failed" : 0
  },
  "hits" : {
    "total" : {
      "value" : 1,
      "relation" : "eq"
    },
    "max_score" : 1.0,
    "hits" : [
      {
        "_index" : "example_points",
        "_id" : "1",
        "_score" : 1.0,
        "_source" : {
          "name": "Wind & Wetter, Berlin, Germany",
          "location": [13.400544, 52.530286]
        }
      }
    ]
  }
}

Pre-indexed shape

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The query also supports using a shape which has already been indexed in another index. This is particularly useful for when you have a pre-defined list of shapes and you want to reference the list using a logical name (for example New Zealand) rather than having to provide coordinates each time. In this situation, it is only necessary to provide:

  • id - The ID of the document that containing the pre-indexed shape.
  • index - Name of the index where the pre-indexed shape is. Defaults to shapes.
  • path - The field specified as path containing the pre-indexed shape. Defaults to shape.
  • routing - The routing of the shape document if required.

The following is an example of using the Filter with a pre-indexed shape:

resp = client.indices.create(
    index="shapes",
    mappings={
        "properties": {
            "location": {
                "type": "geo_shape"
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp)

resp1 = client.index(
    index="shapes",
    id="deu",
    document={
        "location": {
            "type": "envelope",
            "coordinates": [
                [
                    13,
                    53
                ],
                [
                    14,
                    52
                ]
            ]
        }
    },
)
print(resp1)

resp2 = client.search(
    index="example",
    query={
        "bool": {
            "filter": {
                "geo_shape": {
                    "location": {
                        "indexed_shape": {
                            "index": "shapes",
                            "id": "deu",
                            "path": "location"
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    },
)
print(resp2)
response = client.indices.create(
  index: 'shapes',
  body: {
    mappings: {
      properties: {
        location: {
          type: 'geo_shape'
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.index(
  index: 'shapes',
  id: 'deu',
  body: {
    location: {
      type: 'envelope',
      coordinates: [
        [
          13,
          53
        ],
        [
          14,
          52
        ]
      ]
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.search(
  index: 'example',
  body: {
    query: {
      bool: {
        filter: {
          geo_shape: {
            location: {
              indexed_shape: {
                index: 'shapes',
                id: 'deu',
                path: 'location'
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
const response = await client.indices.create({
  index: "shapes",
  mappings: {
    properties: {
      location: {
        type: "geo_shape",
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);

const response1 = await client.index({
  index: "shapes",
  id: "deu",
  document: {
    location: {
      type: "envelope",
      coordinates: [
        [13, 53],
        [14, 52],
      ],
    },
  },
});
console.log(response1);

const response2 = await client.search({
  index: "example",
  query: {
    bool: {
      filter: {
        geo_shape: {
          location: {
            indexed_shape: {
              index: "shapes",
              id: "deu",
              path: "location",
            },
          },
        },
      },
    },
  },
});
console.log(response2);
PUT /shapes
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "location": {
        "type": "geo_shape"
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT /shapes/_doc/deu
{
  "location": {
    "type": "envelope",
    "coordinates" : [[13.0, 53.0], [14.0, 52.0]]
  }
}

GET /example/_search
{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": {
        "geo_shape": {
          "location": {
            "indexed_shape": {
              "index": "shapes",
              "id": "deu",
              "path": "location"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Spatial relations

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The following is a complete list of spatial relation operators available when searching a geo field:

  • INTERSECTS - (default) Return all documents whose geo_shape or geo_point field intersects the query geometry.
  • DISJOINT - Return all documents whose geo_shape or geo_point field has nothing in common with the query geometry.
  • WITHIN - Return all documents whose geo_shape or geo_point field is within the query geometry. Line geometries are not supported.
  • CONTAINS - Return all documents whose geo_shape or geo_point field contains the query geometry.

Ignore unmapped

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When set to true the ignore_unmapped option will ignore an unmapped field and will not match any documents for this query. This can be useful when querying multiple indexes which might have different mappings. When set to false (the default value) the query will throw an exception if the field is not mapped.

Notes

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  • When data is indexed in a geo_shape field as an array of shapes, the arrays are treated as one shape. For this reason, the following requests are equivalent. 
resp = client.index(
    index="test",
    id="1",
    document={
        "location": [
            {
                "coordinates": [
                    46.25,
                    20.14
                ],
                "type": "point"
            },
            {
                "coordinates": [
                    47.49,
                    19.04
                ],
                "type": "point"
            }
        ]
    },
)
print(resp)
response = client.index(
  index: 'test',
  id: 1,
  body: {
    location: [
      {
        coordinates: [
          46.25,
          20.14
        ],
        type: 'point'
      },
      {
        coordinates: [
          47.49,
          19.04
        ],
        type: 'point'
      }
    ]
  }
)
puts response
const response = await client.index({
  index: "test",
  id: 1,
  document: {
    location: [
      {
        coordinates: [46.25, 20.14],
        type: "point",
      },
      {
        coordinates: [47.49, 19.04],
        type: "point",
      },
    ],
  },
});
console.log(response);
PUT /test/_doc/1
{
  "location": [
    {
      "coordinates": [46.25,20.14],
      "type": "point"
    },
    {
      "coordinates": [47.49,19.04],
      "type": "point"
    }
  ]
}
resp = client.index(
    index="test",
    id="1",
    document={
        "location": {
            "coordinates": [
                [
                    46.25,
                    20.14
                ],
                [
                    47.49,
                    19.04
                ]
            ],
            "type": "multipoint"
        }
    },
)
print(resp)
response = client.index(
  index: 'test',
  id: 1,
  body: {
    location: {
      coordinates: [
        [
          46.25,
          20.14
        ],
        [
          47.49,
          19.04
        ]
      ],
      type: 'multipoint'
    }
  }
)
puts response
const response = await client.index({
  index: "test",
  id: 1,
  document: {
    location: {
      coordinates: [
        [46.25, 20.14],
        [47.49, 19.04],
      ],
      type: "multipoint",
    },
  },
});
console.log(response);
PUT /test/_doc/1
{
  "location":
    {
      "coordinates": [[46.25,20.14],[47.49,19.04]],
      "type": "multipoint"
    }
}
  • The geo_shape query assumes geo_shape fields use a default orientation of RIGHT (counterclockwise). See Polygon orientation.
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