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Elastic Docs ›Elasticsearch Guide [8.8] ›Query DSL ›Compound queries

Disjunction max query

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Disjunction max query

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Returns documents matching one or more wrapped queries, called query clauses or clauses.

If a returned document matches multiple query clauses, the dis_max query assigns the document the highest relevance score from any matching clause, plus a tie breaking increment for any additional matching subqueries.

Example request

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response = client.search(
  body: {
    query: {
      dis_max: {
        queries: [
          {
            term: {
              title: 'Quick pets'
            }
          },
          {
            term: {
              body: 'Quick pets'
            }
          }
        ],
        tie_breaker: 0.7
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
GET /_search
{
  "query": {
    "dis_max": {
      "queries": [
        { "term": { "title": "Quick pets" } },
        { "term": { "body": "Quick pets" } }
      ],
      "tie_breaker": 0.7
    }
  }
}

Top-level parameters for dis_max

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queries
(Required, array of query objects) Contains one or more query clauses. Returned documents must match one or more of these queries. If a document matches multiple queries, Elasticsearch uses the highest relevance score.
tie_breaker

(Optional, float) Floating point number between 0 and 1.0 used to increase the relevance scores of documents matching multiple query clauses. Defaults to 0.0.

You can use the tie_breaker value to assign higher relevance scores to documents that contain the same term in multiple fields than documents that contain this term in only the best of those multiple fields, without confusing this with the better case of two different terms in the multiple fields.

If a document matches multiple clauses, the dis_max query calculates the relevance score for the document as follows:

  1. Take the relevance score from a matching clause with the highest score.
  2. Multiply the score from any other matching clauses by the tie_breaker value.
  3. Add the highest score to the multiplied scores.

If the tie_breaker value is greater than 0.0, all matching clauses count, but the clause with the highest score counts most.

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