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Security Settings
editSecurity Settings
editYou configure xpack.security
settings to
enable anonymous access
and perform message authentication,
set up document and field
level security, configure realms,
and encrypt communications with SSL.
General Security Settings
edit-
xpack.security.enabled
-
Set to
false
to disable X-Pack security. Configure in bothelasticsearch.yml
andkibana.yml
.
Anonymous Access Settings
editYou can configure the following anonymous access settings in
elasticsearch.yml
. For more information, see Enabling Anonymous Access.
-
xpack.security.authc.anonymous.username
-
The username (principal) of the anonymous user. Defaults to
_es_anonymous_user
. -
xpack.security.authc.anonymous.roles
- The roles to associate with the anonymous user. Required.
-
xpack.security.authc.anonymous.authz_exception
-
When
true
, an HTTP 403 response is returned if the anonymous user does not have the appropriate permissions for the requested action. The user is not prompted to provide credentials to access the requested resource. When set tofalse
, a HTTP 401 is returned and the user can provide credentials with the appropriate permissions to gain access. Defaults totrue
.
Document and Field Level Security Settings
editYou can set the following document and field level security
settings in elasticsearch.yml
. For more information, see
Setting Up Document and Field
Level Security.
-
xpack.security.dls_fls.enabled
-
Set to
false
to prevent document and field level security from being configured. Defaults totrue
.
Realm Settings
editYou configure realm settings in the xpack.security.authc.realms
namespace in elasticsearch.yml
. For example:
xpack.security.authc.realms: realm1: type: native order: 0 ... realm2: type: ldap order: 1 ... realm3: type: active_directory order: 2 ... ...
The valid settings vary depending on the realm type. For more information, see Setting Up Authentication.
Settings Valid for All Realms
edit-
type
-
The type of the realm:
native, `ldap
,active_directory
,pki
, orfile
. Required. -
order
-
The priority of the realm within the realm chain. Defaults to
Integer.MAX_VALUE
. -
enabled
-
Enable/disable the realm. Defaults to
true
.
File Realm Settings
edit-
cache.ttl
-
The time-to-live for cached user entries—user credentials are cached for
this configured period of time. Defaults to
20m
. Specify values using the standard Elasticsearch time units. Defaults to20m
. -
cache.max_users
- The maximum number of user entries that can live in the cache at a given time. Defaults to 100,000.
-
cache.hash_algo
-
(Expert Setting) The hashing algorithm that is used for the in-memory cached
user credentials. See the Cache hash algorithms table f
or all possible values. Defaults to
ssha256
.
LDAP Realm Settings
edit-
url
-
An LDAP URL in the format
ldap[s]://<server>:<port>
. Required. -
load_balance.type
-
The behavior to use when there are multiple LDAP URLs defined. For supported
values see LDAP load balancing and failover types.
Defaults to
failover
. -
load_balance.cache_ttl
-
When using
dns_failover
ordns_round_robin
as the load balancing type, this setting controls the amount of time to cache DNS lookups. Defaults to1h
. -
bind_dn
- The DN of the user that will be used to bind to the LDAP and perform searches. If this is not specified, an anonymous bind will be attempted. Defaults to Empty.
-
bind_password
- The password for the user that will be used to bind to the LDAP. Defaults to Empty.
-
user_dn_templates
-
The DN template that replaces the user name with the string
{0}
. This element is multivalued; you can specify multiple user contexts. Required to operate in user template mode. Not valid ifuser_search.base_dn
is specified. For more information on the different modes, see ldap realms. -
user_group_attribute
-
Specifies the attribute to examine on the user for group membership.
The default is
memberOf
. This setting will be ignored if anygroup_search
settings are specified. Defaults tomemberOf
. -
user_search.base_dn
- Specifies a container DN to search for users. Required to operated in user search mode. Not valid if `user_dn_templates is specified. For more information on the different modes, see ldap realms.
-
user_search.scope
-
The scope of the user search. Valid values are
sub_tree
,one_level
orbase
.one_level
only searches objects directly contained within thebase_dn
.sub_tree
searches all objects contained underbase_dn
.base
specifies that thebase_dn
is the user object, and that it is the only user considered. Defaults tosub_tree
. -
user_search.attribute
-
The attribute to match with the username presented to. Defaults to
uid
. -
user_search.pool.enabled
-
Enables or disables connection pooling for user search. When
disabled a new connection is created for every search. The
default is
true
. -
user_search.pool.size
-
The maximum number of connections to the LDAP server to allow in the
connection pool. Defaults to
20
. -
user_search.pool.initial_size
-
The initial number of connections to create to the LDAP server on startup.
Defaults to
5
. -
user_search.pool.health_check.enabled
-
Flag to enable or disable a health check on LDAP connections in the connection
pool. Connections are checked in the background at the specified interval.
Defaults to
true
. -
user_search.pool.health_check.dn
-
The distinguished name to be retrieved as part of the health check.
Defaults to the value of
bind_dn
. Required ifbind_dn
is not specified. -
user_search.pool.health_check.interval
-
The interval to perform background checks of connections in the pool.
Defaults to
60s
. -
group_search.base_dn
-
The container DN to search for groups in which the user has membership. When
this element is absent, Security searches for the attribute specified by
user_group_attribute
set on the user in order to determine group membership. -
group_search.scope
-
Specifies whether the group search should be
sub_tree
,one_level
orbase
.one_level
only searches objects directly contained within thebase_dn
.sub_tree
searches all objects contained underbase_dn
.base
specifies that thebase_dn
is a group object, and that it is the only group considered. Defaults tosub_tree
. -
group_search.filter
-
When not set, the realm searches for
group
,groupOfNames
,groupOfUniqueNames
, orposixGroup
with the attributesmember
,memberOf
, ormemberUid
. Any instance of{0}
in the filter is replaced by the user attribute defined ingroup_search.user_attribute
. -
group_search.user_attribute
- Specifies the user attribute that will be fetched and provided as a parameter to the filter. If not set, the user DN is passed into the filter. Defaults to Empty.
-
unmapped_groups_as_roles
-
Takes a boolean variable. When this element is set to
true
, the names of any unmapped LDAP groups are used as role names and assigned to the user. Defaults tofalse
. -
files.role_mapping
-
The location for the YAML role mapping configuration file. Defaults to
CONFIG_DIR/x-pack/role_mapping.yml
. -
follow_referrals
-
Boolean value that specifies whether Securityshould follow referrals returned
by the LDAP server. Referrals are URLs returned by the server that are to be
used to continue the LDAP operation (e.g. search). Defaults to
true
. -
timeout.tcp_connect
-
The TCP connect timeout period for establishing an LDAP connection.
An
s
at the end indicates seconds, orms
indicates milliseconds. Defaults to5s
(5 seconds ). -
timeout.tcp_read
-
The TCP read timeout period after establishing an LDAP connection.
An
s
at the end indicates seconds, orms
indicates milliseconds. Defaults to5s
(5 seconds ). -
timeout.ldap_search
-
The LDAP Server enforced timeout period for an LDAP search.
An
s
at the end indicates seconds, orms
indicates milliseconds. Defaults to5s
(5 seconds ). -
ssl.key
- Path to a PEM encoded file containing the private key.
-
ssl.key_passphrase
- The passphrase that will be used to decrypt the private key. This value is optional as the key may not be encrypted.
-
ssl.certificate
- Path to a PEM encoded file containing the certificate (or certificate chain) that will be presented to clients when they connect.
-
ssl.certificate_authorities
- List of paths to PEM encoded certificate files that should be trusted.
-
ssl.keystore.path
-
The path to the Java Keystore file that contains a private key and certificate.
ssl.key
andssl.keystore.path
may not be used at the same time. -
ssl.keystore.password
- The password to the keystore.
-
ssl.keystore.key_password
- The password for the key in the keystore. Defaults to the keystore password.
-
ssl.truststore.path
-
The path to the Java Keystore file that contains the certificates to trust.
ssl.certificate_authorities
andssl.trustsore.path
may not be used at the same time. -
ssl.truststore.password
- The password to the truststore.
-
ssl.verification_mode
-
Indicates the type of verification when using
ldaps
to protect against man in the middle attacks and certificate forgery. Values arenone
,certificate
, andfull
. Defaults to the value ofxpack.ssl.verification_mode
. -
ssl.supported_protocols
-
Supported protocols with versions. Defaults to the value of
xpack.ssl.supported_protocols
.
ssl.cipher_suites
Supported cipher suites can be found in Oracle’s
Java Cryptography Architecture documentation. Defaults to the value of
xpack.ssl.cipher_suites
.
-
cache.ttl
-
Specifies the time-to-live for cached user entries (a user and its credentials
are cached for this period of time). Use the standard Elasticsearch
time units). Defaults to
20m
. -
cache.max_users
-
Specifies the maximum number of user entries that the cache can contain.
Defaults to
100000
. -
cache.hash_algo
-
(Expert Setting) Specifies the hashing algorithm that is used for the
in-memory cached user credentials (see Cache hash algorithms
table for all possible values). Defaults to
ssha256
.
Active Directory Realm Settings
edit-
url
-
A URL in the format
ldap[s]://<server>:<port>
. Defaults toldap://<domain_name>:389
. -
load_balance.type
-
The behavior to use when there are multiple LDAP URLs defined. For supported
values see LDAP load balancing and failover types.
Defaults to
failover
. -
load_balance.cache_ttl
-
When using
dns_failover
ordns_round_robin
as the load balancing type, this setting controls the amount of time to cache DNS lookups. Defaults to1h
. -
domain_name
-
The domain name of Active Directory. The cluster can derive the URL and
user_search_dn
fields from values in this element if those fields are not otherwise specified. Required. -
unmapped_groups_as_roles
-
Takes a boolean variable. When this element is set to
true
, the names of any unmapped groups and the user’s relative distinguished name are used as role names and assigned to the user. Defaults tofalse
. -
files.role_mapping
-
The location for the YAML
role mapping configuration file. Defaults to
CONFIG_DIR/x-pack/role_mapping.yml
. -
user_search.base_dn
- The context to search for a user. Defaults to the root of the Active Directory domain.
-
user_search.scope
-
Specifies whether the user search should be
sub_tree
,one_level
orbase
.one_level
only searches users directly contained within thebase_dn
.sub_tree
searches all objects contained underbase_dn
.base
specifies that thebase_dn
is a user object, and that it is the only user considered. Defaults tosub_tree
. -
user_search.filter
-
Specifies a filter to use to lookup a user given a username. The default
filter looks up
user
objects with eithersAMAccountName
oruserPrincipalName
. -
group_search.base_dn
- The context to search for groups in which the user has membership. Defaults to the root of the Active Directory domain.
-
group_search.scope
-
Specifies whether the group search should be
sub_tree
,one_level
orbase
.one_level
searches for groups directly contained within thebase_dn
.sub_tree
searches all objects contained underbase_dn
.base
specifies that thebase_dn
is a group object, and that it is the only group considered. Defaults tosub_tree
. -
timeout.tcp_connect
-
The TCP connect timeout period for establishing an LDAP connection.
An
s
at the end indicates seconds, orms
indicates milliseconds. Defaults to5s
(5 seconds ). -
timeout.tcp_read
-
The TCP read timeout period after establishing an LDAP connection.
An
s
at the end indicates seconds, orms
indicates milliseconds. Defaults to5s
(5 seconds ). -
timeout.ldap_search
-
The LDAP Server enforced timeout period for an LDAP search.
An
s
at the end indicates seconds, orms
indicates milliseconds. Defaults to5s
(5 seconds ). -
ssl.key
- Path to the PEM encoded file containing the private key.
-
ssl.key_passphrase
- The passphrase that will be used to decrypt the private key. This value is optional as the key may not be encrypted.
-
ssl.certificate
- Path to a PEM encoded file containing the certificate (or certificate chain) that will be presented to clients when they connect.
-
ssl.certificate_authorities
- List of paths to PEM encoded certificate files that should be trusted.
-
ssl.keystore.path
- The path to the Java Keystore file that contains a private key and certificate.
-
ssl.keystore.password
- The password to the keystore.
-
ssl.keystore.key_password
- The password for the key in the keystore. Defaults to the keystore password.
-
ssl.truststore.path
- The path to the Java Keystore file that contains the certificates to trust.
-
ssl.truststore.password
- The password to the truststore.
-
ssl.verification_mode
-
Indicates the type of verification when using
ldaps
to protect against man in the middle attacks and certificate forgery. Values arenone
,certificate
, andfull
. Defaults to the value ofxpack.ssl.verification_mode
. -
ssl.supported_protocols
-
Supported protocols with versions. Defaults to the value of
xpack.ssl.supported_protocols
.
ssl.cipher_suites
Supported cipher suites can be found in Oracle’s
Java Cryptography Architecture documentation. Defaults to the value of
xpack.ssl.cipher_suites
.
-
cache.ttl
-
Specifies the time-to-live for cached user entries (user
credentials are cached for this configured period of time). Use the
standard Elasticsearch time units).
Defaults to
20m
. -
cache.max_users
-
Specifies the maximum number of user entries that the cache can contain.
Defaults to
100000
. -
cache.hash_algo
-
(Expert Setting) Specifies the hashing algorithm that will be used for
the in-memory cached user credentials (see Cache hash
algorithms table for all possible values). Defaults to
ssha256
.
PKI Realm Settings
edit-
username_pattern
-
The regular expression pattern used to extract the username from the
certificate DN. The first match group is the used as the username.
Defaults to
CN=(.*?)(?:,\|$)
-
certificate_authorities
-
List of PEM certificate files that should be used to authenticate a
user’s certificate as trusted. Defaults to the trusted certificates configured for SSL.
This setting may not be used with
truststore.path
. -
truststore.path
-
The path of a truststore to use. Defaults to the trusted certificates configured for SSL.
This setting may not be used with
certificate_authorities
. -
truststore.password
-
The password for the truststore. Must be provided if
truststore.path
is set. -
truststore.algorithm
-
Algorithm for the trustsore. Defaults to
SunX509
. -
files.role_mapping
-
Specifies the location for the
YAML role mapping configuration file.
Defaults to
CONFIG_DIR/x-pack/role_mapping.yml
.
Default TLS/SSL Settings
editYou can configure the following TLS/SSL settings in
elasticsearch.yml
. For more information, see
Encrypting Communications. These settings will be used
for all of X-Pack unless they have been overridden by more specific
settings such as those for HTTP or Transport.
-
xpack.ssl.supported_protocols
-
Supported protocols with versions. Valid protocols:
SSLv2Hello
,SSLv3
,TLSv1
,TLSv1.1
,TLSv1.2
. Defaults toTLSv1.2
,TLSv1.1
,TLSv1
. -
xpack.ssl.client_authentication
-
Controls the server’s behavior in regard to requesting a certificate
from client connections. Valid values are
required
,optional
, andnone
.required
forces a client to present a certificate, whileoptional
requests a client certificate but the client is not required to present one. Defaults torequired
. -
xpack.ssl.verification_mode
-
Controls the verification of certificates. Valid values are
none
,certificate
, andfull
. Defaults tofull
.
xpack.ssl.cipher_suites
Supported cipher suites can be found in Oracle’s
Java Cryptography Architecture documentation. Defaults to TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
,
TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
, TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
, TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
,
TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256
, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA
.
Default TLS/SSL Key and Trusted Certificate Settings
editThe following settings are used to specify a private key, certificate, and the trusted certificates that should be used when communicating over an SSL/TLS connection. If none of the settings below are specified, this will default to the X-Pack defaults. If no trusted certificates are configured, the default certificates that are trusted by the JVM will be trusted along with the certificate(s) from the key settings. The key and certificate must be in place for connections that require client authentication or when acting as a SSL enabled server.
PEM Encoded Files
editWhen using PEM encoded files, use the following settings:
-
xpack.ssl.key
- Path to the PEM encoded file containing the private key.
-
xpack.ssl.key_passphrase
- The passphrase that will be used to decrypt the private key. This value is optional as the key may not be encrypted.
-
xpack.ssl.certificate
- Path to a PEM encoded file containing the certificate (or certificate chain) that will be presented to clients when they connect.
-
xpack.ssl.certificate_authorities
- List of paths to the PEM encoded certificate files that should be trusted.
Java Keystore Files
editWhen using Java keystore files (JKS), which contain the private key, certificate and certificates that should be trusted, use the following settings:
-
xpack.ssl.keystore.path
- Path to the keystore that holds the private key and certificate.
-
xpack.ssl.keystore.password
- Password to the keystore.
-
xpack.ssl.keystore.key_password
-
Password for the private key in the keystore. Defaults to the
same value as
xpack.ssl.keystore.password
. -
xpack.ssl.truststore.path
- Path to the truststore file.
-
xpack.ssl.truststore.password
- Password to the truststore.
HTTP TLS/SSL Settings
editYou can configure the following TLS/SSL settings. If the settings are not configured, the X-Pack defaults will be used.
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.enabled
-
Used to enable or disable TLS/SSL. The default is
false
. -
xpack.security.http.ssl.supported_protocols
-
Supported protocols with versions. Valid protocols:
SSLv2Hello
,SSLv3
,TLSv1
,TLSv1.1
,TLSv1.2
. Defaults toTLSv1.2
,TLSv1.1
,TLSv1
. Defaults to the value ofxpack.ssl.supported_protocols
. -
xpack.security.http.ssl.client_authentication
-
Controls the server’s behavior in regard to requesting a certificate
from client connections. Valid values are
required
,optional
, andnone
.required
forces a client to present a certificate, whileoptional
requests a client certificate but the client is not required to present one. Defaults tonone
. -
xpack.security.http.ssl.cipher_suites
-
Supported cipher suites can be found in Oracle’s
Java Cryptography Architecture documentation. Defaults to the value of
xpack.ssl.cipher_suites
.
HTTP TLS/SSL Key and Trusted Certificate Settings
editThe following settings are used to specify a private key, certificate, and the trusted certificates that should be used when communicating over an SSL/TLS connection. If none of the settings below are specified, this will default to the X-Pack defaults. A private key and certificate must be configured. If none of the settings below are specified, the X-Pack defaults will be used.
PEM Encoded Files
editWhen using PEM encoded files, use the following settings:
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.key
- Path to a PEM encoded file containing the private key.
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.key_passphrase
- The passphrase that will be used to decrypt the private key. This value is optional as the key may not be encrypted.
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.certificate
- Path to a PEM encoded file containing the certificate (or certificate chain) that will be presented when requested.
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.certificate_authorities
- List of paths to the PEM encoded certificate files that should be trusted.
Java Keystore Files
editWhen using Java keystore files (JKS), which contain the private key, certificate and certificates that should be trusted, use the following settings:
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.keystore.path
- Path to the keystore that holds the private key and certificate.
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.keystore.password
- Password to the keystore.
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.keystore.key_password
-
Password for the private key in the keystore. Defaults to the
same value as
xpack.security.http.ssl.keystore.password
. -
xpack.security.http.ssl.truststore.path
- Path to the truststore file.
-
xpack.security.http.ssl.truststore.password
- Password to the truststore.
Transport TLS/SSL Settings
editYou can configure the following TLS/SSL settings. If the settings are not configured, the X-Pack defaults will be used.
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.enabled
-
Used to enable or disable TLS/SSL. The default is
false
. -
xpack.security.transport.ssl.supported_protocols
-
Supported protocols with versions. Valid protocols:
SSLv2Hello
,SSLv3
,TLSv1
,TLSv1.1
,TLSv1.2
. Defaults toTLSv1.2
,TLSv1.1
,TLSv1
. Defaults to the value ofxpack.ssl.supported_protocols
. -
xpack.security.transport.ssl.client_authentication
-
Controls the server’s behavior in regard to requesting a certificate
from client connections. Valid values are
required
,optional
, andnone
.required
forces a client to present a certificate, whileoptional
requests a client certificate but the client is not required to present one. Defaults to the value ofxpack.ssl.client_authentication
. -
xpack.security.transport.ssl.verification_mode
-
Controls the verification of certificates. Valid values are
none
,certificate
, andfull
. Defaults to the value ofxpack.ssl.verification_mode
. -
xpack.security.transport.ssl.cipher_suites
-
Supported cipher suites can be found in Oracle’s
Java Cryptography Architecture documentation. Defaults to the value of
xpack.ssl.cipher_suites
.
Transport TLS/SSL Key and Trusted Certificate Settings
editThe following settings are used to specify a private key, certificate, and the trusted certificates that should be used when communicating over an SSL/TLS connection. If none of the settings below are specified, this will default to the X-Pack defaults. A private key and certificate must be configured. If none of the settings below are specified, the X-Pack defaults will be used.
PEM Encoded Files
editWhen using PEM encoded files, use the following settings:
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.key
- Path to a PEM encoded file containing the private key.
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.key_passphrase
- The passphrase that will be used to decrypt the private key. This value is optional as the key may not be encrypted.
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.certificate
- Path to a PEM encoded file containing the certificate (or certificate chain) that will be presented when requested.
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.certificate_authorities
- List of paths to the PEM encoded certificate files that should be trusted.
Java Keystore Files
editWhen using Java keystore files (JKS), which contain the private key, certificate and certificates that should be trusted, use the following settings:
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.path
- Path to the keystore that holds the private key and certificate.
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.password
- Password to the keystore.
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.key_password
-
Password for the private key in the keystore. Defaults to the
same value as
xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.password
. -
xpack.security.transport.ssl.truststore.path
- Path to the truststore file.
-
xpack.security.transport.ssl.truststore.password
- Password to the truststore.
Transport Profile TLS/SSL Settings
editThe same settings that are available for the default transport are also available for each transport profile. By default, the settings for a transport profile will be the same as the default transport unless they are specified.
As an example, lets look at the enabled setting. For the default transport
this is xpack.security.transport.ssl.enabled
. In order to use this setting in a
transport profile, use the prefix transport.profiles.$PROFILE.xpack.security.
and
append the portion of the setting after xpack.security.transport.
. For the enabled
setting, this would be transport.profiles.$PROFILE.xpack.security.ssl.enabled
.
IP Filtering Settings
editYou can configure the following settings for IP filtering.
-
xpack.security.transport.filter.allow
- List of IP addresses to allow.
-
xpack.security.transport.filter.deny
- List of IP addresses to deny.
-
xpack.security.http.filter.allow
- List of IP addresses to allow just for HTTP.
-
xpack.security.http.filter.deny
- List of IP addresses to deny just for HTTP.
-
transport.profiles.$PROFILE.xpack.security.filter.allow
- List of IP addresses to allow for this profile.
-
transport.profiles.$PROFILE.xpack.security.filter.deny
- List of IP addresses to deny for this profile.