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索引管理

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索引管理

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索引管理操作可以让你管理集群中的索引，例如创建、删除和更新索引和索引的映射/配置。

创建一个索引

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索引操作包含在一个特定的命名空间内，与其它直接从属于客户端对象的方法隔离开来。让我们创建一个索引作为示例：

$client = ClientBuilder::create()->build();
$params = [
    'index' => 'my_index'
];

// Create the index
$response = $client->indices()->create($params);

​

你可以在一个创建索引 API 中指定任何参数。所有的参数通常会注入请求体中的 body 参数下：

$client = ClientBuilder::create()->build();
$params = [
    'index' => 'my_index',
    'body' => [
        'settings' => [
            'number_of_shards' => 3,
            'number_of_replicas' => 2
        ],
        'mappings' => [
            'my_type' => [
                '_source' => [
                    'enabled' => true
                ],
                'properties' => [
                    'first_name' => [
                        'type' => 'string',
                        'analyzer' => 'standard'
                    ],
                    'age' => [
                        'type' => 'integer'
                    ]
                ]
            ]
        ]
    ]
];


// Create the index with mappings and settings now
$response = $client->indices()->create($params);

​

创建一个索引（复杂示例）

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这是一个以更为复杂的方式创建索引的示例，示例中展示了如何定义 analyzers，tokenizers，filters 和索引的 settings。虽然创建方式与之前的示例本质一样，但是这个复杂示例对于理解客户端的使用方法具有莫大帮助，因为这种特定的语法结构很容易被混淆。

$params = [
    'index' => 'reuters',
    'body' => [
        'settings' => [
            'number_of_shards' => 1,
            'number_of_replicas' => 0,
            'analysis' => [
                'filter' => [
                    'shingle' => [
                        'type' => 'shingle'
                    ]
                ],
                'char_filter' => [
                    'pre_negs' => [
                        'type' => 'pattern_replace',
                        'pattern' => '(\\w+)\\s+((?i:never|no|nothing|nowhere|noone|none|not|havent|hasnt|hadnt|cant|couldnt|shouldnt|wont|wouldnt|dont|doesnt|didnt|isnt|arent|aint))\\b',
                        'replacement' => '~$1 $2'
                    ],
                    'post_negs' => [
                        'type' => 'pattern_replace',
                        'pattern' => '\\b((?i:never|no|nothing|nowhere|noone|none|not|havent|hasnt|hadnt|cant|couldnt|shouldnt|wont|wouldnt|dont|doesnt|didnt|isnt|arent|aint))\\s+(\\w+)',
                        'replacement' => '$1 ~$2'
                    ]
                ],
                'analyzer' => [
                    'reuters' => [
                        'type' => 'custom',
                        'tokenizer' => 'standard',
                        'filter' => ['lowercase', 'stop', 'kstem']
                    ]
                ]
            ]
        ],
        'mappings' => [
            '_default_' => [
                'properties' => [
                    'title' => [
                        'type' => 'string',
                        'analyzer' => 'reuters',
                        'term_vector' => 'yes',
                        'copy_to' => 'combined'
                    ],
                    'body' => [
                        'type' => 'string',
                        'analyzer' => 'reuters',
                        'term_vector' => 'yes',
                        'copy_to' => 'combined'
                    ],
                    'combined' => [
                        'type' => 'string',
                        'analyzer' => 'reuters',
                        'term_vector' => 'yes'
                    ],
                    'topics' => [
                        'type' => 'string',
                        'index' => 'not_analyzed'
                    ],
                    'places' => [
                        'type' => 'string',
                        'index' => 'not_analyzed'
                    ]
                ]
            ],
            'my_type' => [
                'properties' => [
                    'my_field' => [
                        'type' => 'string'
                    ]
                ]
            ]
        ]
    ]
];
$client->indices()->create($params);

删除一个索引

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删除一个索引十分简单：

$params = ['index' => 'my_index'];
$response = $client->indices()->delete($params);

​

Put Settings API

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Put Settings API 允许你更改索引的配置参数:

$params = [
    'index' => 'my_index',
    'body' => [
        'settings' => [
            'number_of_replicas' => 0,
            'refresh_interval' => -1
        ]
    ]
];

$response = $client->indices()->putSettings($params);

​

Get Settings API

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Get Settings API 可以让你知道一个或多个索引的当前配置参数：

// Get settings for one index
$params = ['index' => 'my_index'];
$response = $client->indices()->getSettings($params);

// Get settings for several indices
$params = [
    'index' => [ 'my_index', 'my_index2' ]
];
$response = $client->indices()->getSettings($params);

​

Put Mappings API

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Put Mappings API 允许你更改或增加一个索引的映射。

// Set the index and type
$params = [
    'index' => 'my_index',
    'type' => 'my_type2',
    'body' => [
        'my_type2' => [
            '_source' => [
                'enabled' => true
            ],
            'properties' => [
                'first_name' => [
                    'type' => 'string',
                    'analyzer' => 'standard'
                ],
                'age' => [
                    'type' => 'integer'
                ]
            ]
        ]
    ]
];

// Update the index mapping
$client->indices()->putMapping($params);

​

Get Mappings API

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Get Mappings API 返回索引和类型的映射细节。你可以指定一些索引和类型，取决于你希望检索什么映射。

// Get mappings for all indexes and types
$response = $client->indices()->getMapping();

// Get mappings for all types in 'my_index'
$params = ['index' => 'my_index'];
$response = $client->indices()->getMapping($params);

// Get mappings for all types of 'my_type', regardless of index
$params = ['type' => 'my_type' ];
$response = $client->indices()->getMapping($params);

// Get mapping 'my_type' in 'my_index'
$params = [
    'index' => 'my_index'
    'type' => 'my_type'
];
$response = $client->indices()->getMapping($params);

// Get mappings for two indexes
$params = [
    'index' => [ 'my_index', 'my_index2' ]
];
$response = $client->indices()->getMapping($params);

​

索引命名空间下的其他 API

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索引命名空间下还有一些 API 允许你管理你的索引（add/remove templates, flush segments, close indexes等）。

如果你使用一个自动检索的 IDE，你应该可以轻易发现索引的命名空间：

$client->indices()->

这里可以查看可用方法清单。而浏览 \Elasticsearch\Namespaces\Indices.php 文件则会看到所有可调用的方法清单。

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