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GeoIP processor

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GeoIP processor

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The geoip processor adds information about the geographical location of an IPv4 or IPv6 address.

By default, the processor uses the GeoLite2 City, GeoLite2 Country, and GeoLite2 ASN GeoIP2 databases from MaxMind, shared under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license. Elasticsearch automatically downloads updates for these databases from the Elastic GeoIP endpoint: https://geoip.elastic.co/v1/database. To get download statistics for these updates, use the GeoIP stats API.

If your cluster can’t connect to the Elastic GeoIP endpoint or you want to manage your own updates, see Manage your own GeoIP2 database updates.

If Elasticsearch can’t connect to the endpoint for 30 days all updated databases will become invalid. Elasticsearch will stop enriching documents with geoip data and will add tags: ["_geoip_expired_database"] field instead.

Using the `geoip` Processor in a Pipeline

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Table 21. geoip options

Name	Required	Default	Description
`field`	yes	-	The field to get the ip address from for the geographical lookup.
`target_field`	no	geoip	The field that will hold the geographical information looked up from the MaxMind database.
`database_file`	no	GeoLite2-City.mmdb	The database filename referring to a database the module ships with (GeoLite2-City.mmdb, GeoLite2-Country.mmdb, or GeoLite2-ASN.mmdb) or a custom database in the `ingest-geoip` config directory.
`properties`	no	[`continent_name`, `country_iso_code`, `country_name`, `region_iso_code`, `region_name`, `city_name`, `location`] *	Controls what properties are added to the `target_field` based on the geoip lookup.
`ignore_missing`	no	`false`	If `true` and `field` does not exist, the processor quietly exits without modifying the document
`first_only`	no	`true`	If `true` only first found geoip data will be returned, even if `field` contains array

*Depends on what is available in database_file:

If the GeoLite2 City database is used, then the following fields may be added under the target_field: ip, country_iso_code, country_name, continent_name, region_iso_code, region_name, city_name, timezone, latitude, longitude and location. The fields actually added depend on what has been found and which properties were configured in properties.
If the GeoLite2 Country database is used, then the following fields may be added under the target_field: ip, country_iso_code, country_name and continent_name. The fields actually added depend on what has been found and which properties were configured in properties.
If the GeoLite2 ASN database is used, then the following fields may be added under the target_field: ip, asn, organization_name and network. The fields actually added depend on what has been found and which properties were configured in properties.

Here is an example that uses the default city database and adds the geographical information to the geoip field based on the ip field:

PUT _ingest/pipeline/geoip
{
  "description" : "Add geoip info",
  "processors" : [
    {
      "geoip" : {
        "field" : "ip"
      }
    }
  ]
}
PUT my-index-000001/_doc/my_id?pipeline=geoip
{
  "ip": "89.160.20.128"
}
GET my-index-000001/_doc/my_id

Which returns:

{
  "found": true,
  "_index": "my-index-000001",
  "_id": "my_id",
  "_version": 1,
  "_seq_no": 55,
  "_primary_term": 1,
  "_source": {
    "ip": "89.160.20.128",
    "geoip": {
      "continent_name": "Europe",
      "country_name": "Sweden",
      "country_iso_code": "SE",
      "city_name" : "Linköping",
      "region_iso_code" : "SE-E",
      "region_name" : "Östergötland County",
      "location": { "lat": 58.4167, "lon": 15.6167 }
    }
  }
}

Here is an example that uses the default country database and adds the geographical information to the geo field based on the ip field. Note that this database is included in the module. So this:

PUT _ingest/pipeline/geoip
{
  "description" : "Add geoip info",
  "processors" : [
    {
      "geoip" : {
        "field" : "ip",
        "target_field" : "geo",
        "database_file" : "GeoLite2-Country.mmdb"
      }
    }
  ]
}
PUT my-index-000001/_doc/my_id?pipeline=geoip
{
  "ip": "89.160.20.128"
}
GET my-index-000001/_doc/my_id

returns this:

{
  "found": true,
  "_index": "my-index-000001",
  "_id": "my_id",
  "_version": 1,
  "_seq_no": 65,
  "_primary_term": 1,
  "_source": {
    "ip": "89.160.20.128",
    "geo": {
      "continent_name": "Europe",
      "country_name": "Sweden",
      "country_iso_code": "SE"
    }
  }
}

Not all IP addresses find geo information from the database, When this occurs, no target_field is inserted into the document.

Here is an example of what documents will be indexed as when information for "80.231.5.0" cannot be found:

PUT _ingest/pipeline/geoip
{
  "description" : "Add geoip info",
  "processors" : [
    {
      "geoip" : {
        "field" : "ip"
      }
    }
  ]
}

PUT my-index-000001/_doc/my_id?pipeline=geoip
{
  "ip": "80.231.5.0"
}

GET my-index-000001/_doc/my_id

Which returns:

{
  "_index" : "my-index-000001",
  "_id" : "my_id",
  "_version" : 1,
  "_seq_no" : 71,
  "_primary_term": 1,
  "found" : true,
  "_source" : {
    "ip" : "80.231.5.0"
  }
}

Recognizing Location as a Geopoint

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Although this processor enriches your document with a location field containing the estimated latitude and longitude of the IP address, this field will not be indexed as a geo_point type in Elasticsearch without explicitly defining it as such in the mapping.

You can use the following mapping for the example index above:

PUT my_ip_locations
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "geoip": {
        "properties": {
          "location": { "type": "geo_point" }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Manage your own GeoIP2 database updates

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If you can’t automatically update your GeoIP2 databases from the Elastic endpoint, you have a few other options:

Use a proxy endpoint

If you can’t connect directly to the Elastic GeoIP endpoint, consider setting up a secure proxy. You can then specify the proxy endpoint URL in the ingest.geoip.downloader.endpoint setting of each node’s elasticsearch.yml file.

In a strict setup the following domains may need to be added to the allowed domains list:

geoip.elastic.co
storage.googleapis.com

Use a custom endpoint

You can create a service that mimics the Elastic GeoIP endpoint. You can then get automatic updates from this service.

Download your .mmdb database files from the MaxMind site.
Copy your database files to a single directory.

From your Elasticsearch directory, run:

./bin/elasticsearch-geoip -s my/source/dir [-t target/directory]

Serve the static database files from your directory. For example, you can use Docker to serve the files from an nginx server:
```
docker run -v my/source/dir:/usr/share/nginx/html:ro nginx
```
Specify the service’s endpoint URL in the ingest.geoip.downloader.endpoint setting of each node’s elasticsearch.yml file.

By default, Elasticsearch checks the endpoint for updates every three days. To use another polling interval, use the cluster update settings API to set ingest.geoip.downloader.poll.interval.

Manually update your GeoIP2 databases

Use the cluster update settings API to set ingest.geoip.downloader.enabled to false. This disables automatic updates that may overwrite your database changes. This also deletes all downloaded databases.
Download your .mmdb database files from the MaxMind site.

You can also use custom city, country, and ASN .mmdb files. These files must be uncompressed and use the respective -City.mmdb, -Country.mmdb, or -ASN.mmdb extensions.
On Elasticsearch Service deployments upload database using a custom bundle.
On self-managed deployments copy the database files to $ES_CONFIG/ingest-geoip.
In your geoip processors, configure the database_file parameter to use a custom database file.

Node Settings

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The geoip processor supports the following setting:

ingest.geoip.cache_size: The maximum number of results that should be cached. Defaults to 1000.

Note that these settings are node settings and apply to all geoip processors, i.e. there is one cache for all defined geoip processors.

Cluster settings

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ingest.geoip.downloader.enabled: (Dynamic, Boolean) If true, Elasticsearch automatically downloads and manages updates for GeoIP2 databases from the ingest.geoip.downloader.endpoint. If false, Elasticsearch does not download updates and deletes all downloaded databases. Defaults to true.

ingest.geoip.downloader.endpoint: (Static, string) Endpoint URL used to download updates for GeoIP2 databases. For example, https://myDomain.com/overview.json. Defaults to https://geoip.elastic.co/v1/database. Elasticsearch stores downloaded database files in each node’s temporary directory at $ES_TMPDIR/geoip-databases/<node_id>. Note that Elasticsearch will make a GET request to ${ingest.geoip.downloader.endpoint}?elastic_geoip_service_tos=agree, expecting the list of metadata about databases typically found in overview.json.

ingest.geoip.downloader.poll.interval: (Dynamic, time value) How often Elasticsearch checks for GeoIP2 database updates at the ingest.geoip.downloader.endpoint. Must be greater than 1d (one day). Defaults to 3d (three days).

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GeoIP processor

GeoIP processor

Using the geoip Processor in a Pipeline

Recognizing Location as a Geopoint

Manage your own GeoIP2 database updates

Node Settings

Cluster settings

Using the `geoip` Processor in a Pipeline