Create and manage rules

The Stack Management > Rules UI provides a cross-app view of alerting. Different Kibana apps like Observability, Security, Maps and Machine Learning can offer their own rules. Rules provides a central place to:

For more information on alerting concepts and the types of rules and connectors available, go to Alerting.

Access to rules is granted based on your alerting features privileges. For more information, go to Security.

Some rules must be created within the context of a Kibana app like Metrics, APM, or Uptime, but others are generic. Generic rule types can be created in Rules by clicking the Create rule button. This will launch a flyout that guides you through selecting a rule type and configuring its conditions and actions.

After a rule is created, you can open the action menu (…) and select Edit rule to re-open the flyout and change the rule properties.

Depending on the Kibana app and context, you might be prompted to choose the type of rule to create. Some apps will preselect the type of rule for you.

Each rule type provides its own way of defining the conditions to detect, but an expression formed by a series of clauses is a common pattern. For example, in an Elasticsearch query rule, you specify an index, a query, and a threshold, which uses a metric aggregation operation (count, average, max, min, or sum):

All rules must have a check interval, which defines how often to evaluate the rule conditions. Checks are queued; they run as close to the defined value as capacity allows.

For details on what types of rules are available and how to configure them, refer to Rule types.

You can add one or more actions to your rule to generate notifications when its conditions are met and when they are no longer met.

Each action uses a connector, which provides connection information for a Kibana service or third party integration, depending on where you want to send the notifications. If no connectors exist, click Add connector to create one.

After you select a connector, set the action frequency. If the rule type supports alert summaries, you can choose to create a summary of alerts on each check interval or on a custom interval. For example, if you create an Elasticsearch query rule, you can send notifications that summarize the new, ongoing, and recovered alerts on a custom interval:

Alternatively, you can set the action frequency such that the action runs for each alert. If the rule type does not support alert summaries, this is your only available option. You must choose when the action runs (for example, at each check interval, only when the alert status changes, or at a custom action interval). You must also choose an action group, which affects whether the action runs. Each rule type has a specific set of valid action groups. For example, you can set Run when to Query matched or Recovered for the Elasticsearch query rule:

Each connector supports a specific set of actions for each action group and enables different action properties. For example, you can have actions that create an Opsgenie alert when rule conditions are met and recovery actions that close the Opsgenie alert. For more information about connectors, refer to Connectors.

You can pass rule values to an action at the time a condition is detected. To view the list of variables available for your rule, click the "add rule variable" button:

For more information about common action variables, refer to Rule action variables.

The rule listing enables you to quickly snooze, disable, enable, or delete individual rules. For example, you can change the state of a rule:

When you snooze a rule, the rule checks continue to run on a schedule but the alert will not trigger any actions. You can snooze for a specified period of time, indefinitely, or schedule single or recurring downtimes:

When a rule is in a snoozed state, you can cancel or change the duration of this state.

[preview] This functionality is in technical preview and may be changed or removed in a future release. Elastic will work to fix any issues, but features in technical preview are not subject to the support SLA of official GA features. To temporarily suppress notifications for all rules, create a maintenance window.

To import and export rules, use Saved Objects.

Rules are disabled on export. You are prompted to re-enable the rule on successful import.

You can determine the health of a rule by looking at the Last response in Stack Management > Rules. A rule can have one of the following responses:

Click the rule name to access a rule details page:

In this example, the rule detects when a site serves more than a threshold number of bytes in a 24 hour period. Four sites are above the threshold. These are called alerts - occurrences of the condition being detected - and the alert name, status, time of detection, and duration of the condition are shown in this view. Alerts come and go from the list depending on whether the rule conditions are met.

When an alert is created, it generates actions. If the conditions that caused the alert persist, the actions run again according to the rule notification settings. There are three common alert statuses:

If there are rule actions that failed to run successfully, you can see the details on the History tab. In the Message column, click the warning or expand icon or click the number in the Errored actions column to open the Errored Actions panel. In this example, the action failed because the xpack.actions.email.domain_allowlist setting was updated and the action’s email recipient is no longer included in the allowlist:

If an alert was affected by a maintenance window, its identifier appears in the Maintenance windows column. For more information about their impact on alert notifications, refer to Maintenance windows.

You can suppress future actions for a specific alert by turning on the Mute toggle. If a muted alert no longer meets the rule conditions, it stays in the list to avoid generating actions if the conditions recur. You can also disable a rule, which stops it from running checks and clears any alerts it was tracking. You may want to disable rules that are not currently needed to reduce the load on Kibana and Elasticsearch.