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Elastic Docs ›Elasticsearch Guide [6.8] ›Mapping ›Mapping parameters

coerce

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coerce

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Data is not always clean. Depending on how it is produced a number might be rendered in the JSON body as a true JSON number, e.g. 5, but it might also be rendered as a string, e.g. "5". Alternatively, a number that should be an integer might instead be rendered as a floating point, e.g. 5.0, or even "5.0".

Coercion attempts to clean up dirty values to fit the datatype of a field. For instance:

  • Strings will be coerced to numbers.
  • Floating points will be truncated for integer values.

For instance:

PUT my_index
{
  "mappings": {
    "_doc": {
      "properties": {
        "number_one": {
          "type": "integer"
        },
        "number_two": {
          "type": "integer",
          "coerce": false
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT my_index/_doc/1
{
  "number_one": "10" 
}

PUT my_index/_doc/2
{
  "number_two": "10" 
}

The number_one field will contain the integer 10.

This document will be rejected because coercion is disabled.

The coerce setting is allowed to have different settings for fields of the same name in the same index. Its value can be updated on existing fields using the PUT mapping API.

Index-level default

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The index.mapping.coerce setting can be set on the index level to disable coercion globally across all mapping types:

PUT my_index
{
  "settings": {
    "index.mapping.coerce": false
  },
  "mappings": {
    "_doc": {
      "properties": {
        "number_one": {
          "type": "integer",
          "coerce": true
        },
        "number_two": {
          "type": "integer"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT my_index/_doc/1
{ "number_one": "10" } 

PUT my_index/_doc/2
{ "number_two": "10" }

The number_one field overrides the index level setting to enable coercion.

This document will be rejected because the number_two field inherits the index-level coercion setting.
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