IMPORTANT: No additional bug fixes or documentation updates will be released for this version. For the latest information, see the current release documentation.

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Put mapping API

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Put mapping API

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Adds new fields to an existing index or changes the search settings of existing fields.

PUT /twitter/_mapping
{
  "properties": {
    "email": {
      "type": "keyword"
    }
  }
}

Before 7.0.0, the mappings definition used to include a type name. Although specifying types in requests is now deprecated, a type can still be provided if the request parameter include_type_name is set. For more details, please see Removal of mapping types.

Request

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PUT /<index>/_mapping

PUT /_mapping

Path parameters

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<index>

(Optional, string) Comma-separated list or wildcard expression of index names used to limit the request.

To update the mapping of all indices, omit this parameter or use a value of _all.

Query parameters

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allow_no_indices

(Optional, boolean) If true, the request does not return an error if a wildcard expression or _all value retrieves only missing or closed indices.

This parameter also applies to index aliases that point to a missing or closed index.

expand_wildcards

(Optional, string) Controls what kind of indices that wildcard expressions can expand to. Valid values are:

all: Expand to open and closed indices.
open: Expand only to open indices.
closed: Expand only to closed indices.
none: Wildcard expressions are not accepted.

Defaults to open.

include_type_name

[7.0.0] Deprecated in 7.0.0. Mapping types have been deprecated. See Removal of mapping types. (Optional, boolean) If true, a mapping type is expected in the body of mappings. Defaults to false.

ignore_unavailable

(Optional, boolean) If true, missing or closed indices are not included in the response. Defaults to false.

timeout

(Optional, time units) Specifies the period of time to wait for a response. If no response is received before the timeout expires, the request fails and returns an error. Defaults to 30s.

master_timeout

(Optional, time units) Specifies the period of time to wait for a connection to the master node. If no response is received before the timeout expires, the request fails and returns an error. Defaults to 30s.

Request body

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properties

(Required, mapping object) Mapping for a field. For new fields, this mapping can include:

For existing fields, see Update an existing field.

Examples

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Example with index setup

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The put mapping API requires an existing index. The following create index API request creates the publications index with no mapping.

PUT /publications

The following put mapping API request adds title, a new text field, to the publications index.

PUT /publications/_mapping
{
  "properties": {
    "title":  { "type": "text"}
  }
}

Multiple indices

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The PUT mapping API can be applied to multiple indices with a single request. For example, we can update the twitter-1 and twitter-2 mappings at the same time:

# Create the two indices
PUT /twitter-1
PUT /twitter-2

# Update both mappings
PUT /twitter-1,twitter-2/_mapping 
{
  "properties": {
    "user_name": {
      "type": "text"
    }
  }
}

Note that the indices specified (twitter-1,twitter-2) follows multiple index names and wildcard format.

Update an existing field

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You can’t change the mapping of an existing field, with the following exceptions:

You can add new properties to an object field.
You can use the field mapping parameter to enable multi-fields.
You can change the value of the ignore_above mapping parameter.

Changing the mapping of an existing field could invalidate data that’s already indexed. If you need to change the mapping of a field, create a new index with the correct mappings and reindex your data into that index. If you only want to rename a field, consider adding an alias field.

For example:

PUT /my_index 
{
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "name": {
        "properties": {
          "first": {
            "type": "text"
          }
        }
      },
      "user_id": {
        "type": "keyword"
      }
    }
  }
}

PUT /my_index/_mapping
{
  "properties": {
    "name": {
      "properties": {
        "last": { 
          "type": "text"
        }
      }
    },
    "user_id": {
      "type": "keyword",
      "ignore_above": 100 
    }
  }
}

	Create an index with a `first` field under the `name` Object field, and a `user_id` field.
	Add a `last` field under the `name` object field.
	Update the `ignore_above` setting from its default of 0.

Each mapping parameter specifies whether or not its setting can be updated on an existing field.

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