- Elasticsearch Guide: other versions:
- Getting Started
- Setup
- Breaking changes
- Breaking changes in 2.2
- Breaking changes in 2.1
- Breaking changes in 2.0
- Removed features
- Network changes
- Multiple
path.data
striping - Mapping changes
- CRUD and routing changes
- Query DSL changes
- Search changes
- Aggregation changes
- Parent/Child changes
- Scripting changes
- Index API changes
- Snapshot and Restore changes
- Plugin and packaging changes
- Setting changes
- Stats, info, and
cat
changes - Java API changes
- API Conventions
- Document APIs
- Search APIs
- Aggregations
- Metrics Aggregations
- Avg Aggregation
- Cardinality Aggregation
- Extended Stats Aggregation
- Geo Bounds Aggregation
- Geo Centroid Aggregation
- Max Aggregation
- Min Aggregation
- Percentiles Aggregation
- Percentile Ranks Aggregation
- Scripted Metric Aggregation
- Stats Aggregation
- Sum Aggregation
- Top hits Aggregation
- Value Count Aggregation
- Bucket Aggregations
- Children Aggregation
- Date Histogram Aggregation
- Date Range Aggregation
- Filter Aggregation
- Filters Aggregation
- Geo Distance Aggregation
- GeoHash grid Aggregation
- Global Aggregation
- Histogram Aggregation
- IPv4 Range Aggregation
- Missing Aggregation
- Nested Aggregation
- Range Aggregation
- Reverse nested Aggregation
- Sampler Aggregation
- Significant Terms Aggregation
- Terms Aggregation
- Pipeline Aggregations
- Avg Bucket Aggregation
- Derivative Aggregation
- Max Bucket Aggregation
- Min Bucket Aggregation
- Sum Bucket Aggregation
- Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Extended Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Percentiles Bucket Aggregation
- Moving Average Aggregation
- Cumulative Sum Aggregation
- Bucket Script Aggregation
- Bucket Selector Aggregation
- Serial Differencing Aggregation
- Caching heavy aggregations
- Returning only aggregation results
- Aggregation Metadata
- Metrics Aggregations
- Indices APIs
- Create Index
- Delete Index
- Get Index
- Indices Exists
- Open / Close Index API
- Put Mapping
- Get Mapping
- Get Field Mapping
- Types Exists
- Index Aliases
- Update Indices Settings
- Get Settings
- Analyze
- Index Templates
- Warmers
- Shadow replica indices
- Indices Stats
- Indices Segments
- Indices Recovery
- Indices Shard Stores
- Clear Cache
- Flush
- Refresh
- Force Merge
- Optimize
- Upgrade
- cat APIs
- Cluster APIs
- Query DSL
- Mapping
- Field datatypes
- Meta-Fields
- Mapping parameters
analyzer
boost
coerce
copy_to
doc_values
dynamic
enabled
fielddata
format
geohash
geohash_precision
geohash_prefix
ignore_above
ignore_malformed
include_in_all
index
index_options
lat_lon
fields
norms
null_value
position_increment_gap
precision_step
properties
search_analyzer
similarity
store
term_vector
- Dynamic Mapping
- Transform
- Analysis
- Analyzers
- Tokenizers
- Token Filters
- Standard Token Filter
- ASCII Folding Token Filter
- Length Token Filter
- Lowercase Token Filter
- Uppercase Token Filter
- NGram Token Filter
- Edge NGram Token Filter
- Porter Stem Token Filter
- Shingle Token Filter
- Stop Token Filter
- Word Delimiter Token Filter
- Stemmer Token Filter
- Stemmer Override Token Filter
- Keyword Marker Token Filter
- Keyword Repeat Token Filter
- KStem Token Filter
- Snowball Token Filter
- Phonetic Token Filter
- Synonym Token Filter
- Compound Word Token Filter
- Reverse Token Filter
- Elision Token Filter
- Truncate Token Filter
- Unique Token Filter
- Pattern Capture Token Filter
- Pattern Replace Token Filter
- Trim Token Filter
- Limit Token Count Token Filter
- Hunspell Token Filter
- Common Grams Token Filter
- Normalization Token Filter
- CJK Width Token Filter
- CJK Bigram Token Filter
- Delimited Payload Token Filter
- Keep Words Token Filter
- Keep Types Token Filter
- Classic Token Filter
- Apostrophe Token Filter
- Decimal Digit Token Filter
- Character Filters
- Modules
- Index Modules
- Testing
- Glossary of terms
- Release Notes
WARNING: Version 2.2 of Elasticsearch has passed its EOL date.
This documentation is no longer being maintained and may be removed. If you are running this version, we strongly advise you to upgrade. For the latest information, see the current release documentation.
Translog
editTranslog
editChanges to Lucene are only persisted to disk during a Lucene commit, which is a relatively heavy operation and so cannot be performed after every index or delete operation. Changes that happen after one commit and before another will be lost in the event of process exit or HW failure.
To prevent this data loss, each shard has a transaction log or write ahead log associated with it. Any index or delete operation is written to the translog after being processed by the internal Lucene index.
In the event of a crash, recent transactions can be replayed from the transaction log when the shard recovers.
An Elasticsearch flush is the process of performing a Lucene commit and starting a new translog. It is done automatically in the background in order to make sure the transaction log doesn’t grow too large, which would make replaying its operations take a considerable amount of time during recovery. It is also exposed through an API, though its rarely needed to be performed manually.
Flush settings
editThe following dynamically updatable settings control how often the in-memory buffer is flushed to disk:
-
index.translog.flush_threshold_size
-
Once the translog hits this size, a flush will happen. Defaults to
512mb
. -
index.translog.flush_threshold_ops
-
After how many operations to flush. Defaults to
unlimited
. -
index.translog.flush_threshold_period
-
How long to wait before triggering a flush regardless of translog size. Defaults to
30m
. -
index.translog.interval
-
How often to check if a flush is needed, randomized between the interval value
and 2x the interval value. Defaults to
5s
.
Translog settings
editThe data in the transaction log is only persisted to disk when the translog is
fsync
ed and committed. In the event of hardware failure, any data written
since the previous translog commit will be lost.
By default, Elasticsearch commits the translog at the end of every index, delete,
update, or bulk request. In fact, Elasticsearch
will only report success of an index, delete, update, or bulk request to the
client after the transaction log has been successfully fsync
ed and committed
on the primary and on every allocated replica.
The following dynamically updatable per-index settings control the behaviour of the transaction log:
-
index.translog.sync_interval
-
How often the translog is
fsync
ed to disk and committed, regardless of write operations. Defaults to5s
. -
index.translog.durability
-
Whether or not to
fsync
and commit the translog after every index, delete, update, or bulk request. This setting accepts the following parameters:-
request
-
(default)
fsync
and commit after every request. In the event of hardware failure, all acknowledged writes will already have been committed to disk. -
async
-
fsync
and commit in the background everysync_interval
. In the event of hardware failure, all acknowledged writes since the last automatic commit will be discarded.
-
-
index.translog.fs.type
-
Whether to buffer writes to the transaction log in memory or not. This setting accepts the following parameters:
-
buffered
-
(default) Translog writes first go to a 64kB buffer in memory,
and are only written to the disk when the buffer is full, or when an
fsync
is triggered by a write request or thesync_interval
. -
simple
-
Translog writes are written to the file system immediately, without
buffering. However, these writes will only be persisted to disk when an
fsync
and commit is triggered by a write request or thesync_interval
.
-
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