- Elasticsearch Guide: other versions:
- Getting Started
- Set up Elasticsearch
- Installing Elasticsearch
- Configuring Elasticsearch
- Important Elasticsearch configuration
- Important System Configuration
- Bootstrap Checks
- Heap size check
- File descriptor check
- Memory lock check
- Maximum number of threads check
- Max file size check
- Maximum size virtual memory check
- Maximum map count check
- Client JVM check
- Use serial collector check
- System call filter check
- OnError and OnOutOfMemoryError checks
- Early-access check
- G1GC check
- All permission check
- Starting Elasticsearch
- Stopping Elasticsearch
- Adding nodes to your cluster
- Installing X-Pack
- Set up X-Pack
- Configuring X-Pack Java Clients
- X-Pack Settings
- Bootstrap Checks for X-Pack
- Upgrade Elasticsearch
- API Conventions
- Document APIs
- Search APIs
- Aggregations
- Metrics Aggregations
- Avg Aggregation
- Weighted Avg Aggregation
- Cardinality Aggregation
- Extended Stats Aggregation
- Geo Bounds Aggregation
- Geo Centroid Aggregation
- Max Aggregation
- Min Aggregation
- Percentiles Aggregation
- Percentile Ranks Aggregation
- Scripted Metric Aggregation
- Stats Aggregation
- Sum Aggregation
- Top Hits Aggregation
- Value Count Aggregation
- Bucket Aggregations
- Adjacency Matrix Aggregation
- Auto-interval Date Histogram Aggregation
- Intervals
- Children Aggregation
- Composite Aggregation
- Date Histogram Aggregation
- Date Range Aggregation
- Diversified Sampler Aggregation
- Filter Aggregation
- Filters Aggregation
- Geo Distance Aggregation
- GeoHash grid Aggregation
- Global Aggregation
- Histogram Aggregation
- IP Range Aggregation
- Missing Aggregation
- Nested Aggregation
- Range Aggregation
- Reverse nested Aggregation
- Sampler Aggregation
- Significant Terms Aggregation
- Significant Text Aggregation
- Terms Aggregation
- Pipeline Aggregations
- Avg Bucket Aggregation
- Derivative Aggregation
- Max Bucket Aggregation
- Min Bucket Aggregation
- Sum Bucket Aggregation
- Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Extended Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Percentiles Bucket Aggregation
- Moving Average Aggregation
- Moving Function Aggregation
- Cumulative Sum Aggregation
- Bucket Script Aggregation
- Bucket Selector Aggregation
- Bucket Sort Aggregation
- Serial Differencing Aggregation
- Matrix Aggregations
- Caching heavy aggregations
- Returning only aggregation results
- Aggregation Metadata
- Returning the type of the aggregation
- Metrics Aggregations
- Indices APIs
- Create Index
- Delete Index
- Get Index
- Indices Exists
- Open / Close Index API
- Shrink Index
- Split Index
- Rollover Index
- Put Mapping
- Get Mapping
- Get Field Mapping
- Types Exists
- Index Aliases
- Update Indices Settings
- Get Settings
- Analyze
- Index Templates
- Indices Stats
- Indices Segments
- Indices Recovery
- Indices Shard Stores
- Clear Cache
- Flush
- Refresh
- Force Merge
- cat APIs
- Cluster APIs
- Query DSL
- Mapping
- Analysis
- Anatomy of an analyzer
- Testing analyzers
- Analyzers
- Normalizers
- Tokenizers
- Standard Tokenizer
- Letter Tokenizer
- Lowercase Tokenizer
- Whitespace Tokenizer
- UAX URL Email Tokenizer
- Classic Tokenizer
- Thai Tokenizer
- NGram Tokenizer
- Edge NGram Tokenizer
- Keyword Tokenizer
- Pattern Tokenizer
- Char Group Tokenizer
- Simple Pattern Tokenizer
- Simple Pattern Split Tokenizer
- Path Hierarchy Tokenizer
- Path Hierarchy Tokenizer Examples
- Token Filters
- Standard Token Filter
- ASCII Folding Token Filter
- Flatten Graph Token Filter
- Length Token Filter
- Lowercase Token Filter
- Uppercase Token Filter
- NGram Token Filter
- Edge NGram Token Filter
- Porter Stem Token Filter
- Shingle Token Filter
- Stop Token Filter
- Word Delimiter Token Filter
- Word Delimiter Graph Token Filter
- Multiplexer Token Filter
- Conditional Token Filter
- Predicate Token Filter Script
- Stemmer Token Filter
- Stemmer Override Token Filter
- Keyword Marker Token Filter
- Keyword Repeat Token Filter
- KStem Token Filter
- Snowball Token Filter
- Phonetic Token Filter
- Synonym Token Filter
- Synonym Graph Token Filter
- Compound Word Token Filters
- Reverse Token Filter
- Elision Token Filter
- Truncate Token Filter
- Unique Token Filter
- Pattern Capture Token Filter
- Pattern Replace Token Filter
- Trim Token Filter
- Limit Token Count Token Filter
- Hunspell Token Filter
- Common Grams Token Filter
- Normalization Token Filter
- CJK Width Token Filter
- CJK Bigram Token Filter
- Delimited Payload Token Filter
- Keep Words Token Filter
- Keep Types Token Filter
- Exclude mode settings example
- Classic Token Filter
- Apostrophe Token Filter
- Decimal Digit Token Filter
- Fingerprint Token Filter
- Minhash Token Filter
- Remove Duplicates Token Filter
- Character Filters
- Modules
- Index Modules
- Ingest Node
- Pipeline Definition
- Ingest APIs
- Accessing Data in Pipelines
- Conditional Execution in Pipelines
- Handling Failures in Pipelines
- Processors
- Append Processor
- Bytes Processor
- Convert Processor
- Date Processor
- Date Index Name Processor
- Dissect Processor
- Drop Processor
- Dot Expander Processor
- Fail Processor
- Foreach Processor
- Grok Processor
- Gsub Processor
- Join Processor
- JSON Processor
- KV Processor
- Lowercase Processor
- Pipeline Processor
- Remove Processor
- Rename Processor
- Script Processor
- Set Processor
- Set Security User Processor
- Split Processor
- Sort Processor
- Trim Processor
- Uppercase Processor
- URL Decode Processor
- SQL Access
- Monitor a cluster
- Rolling up historical data
- Set up a cluster for high availability
- Secure a cluster
- Overview
- Configuring security
- Encrypting communications in Elasticsearch
- Encrypting communications in an Elasticsearch Docker Container
- Enabling cipher suites for stronger encryption
- Separating node-to-node and client traffic
- Configuring an Active Directory realm
- Configuring a file realm
- Configuring an LDAP realm
- Configuring a native realm
- Configuring a PKI realm
- Configuring a SAML realm
- Configuring a Kerberos realm
- FIPS 140-2
- Security settings
- Security files
- Auditing settings
- How security works
- User authentication
- Built-in users
- Internal users
- Realms
- Realm chains
- Active Directory user authentication
- File-based user authentication
- LDAP user authentication
- Native user authentication
- PKI user authentication
- SAML authentication
- Kerberos authentication
- Integrating with other authentication systems
- Enabling anonymous access
- Controlling the user cache
- Configuring SAML single-sign-on on the Elastic Stack
- User authorization
- Auditing security events
- Encrypting communications
- Restricting connections with IP filtering
- Cross cluster search, tribe, clients, and integrations
- Tutorial: Getting started with security
- Tutorial: Encrypting communications
- Troubleshooting
- Can’t log in after upgrading to 6.5.4
- Some settings are not returned via the nodes settings API
- Authorization exceptions
- Users command fails due to extra arguments
- Users are frequently locked out of Active Directory
- Certificate verification fails for curl on Mac
- SSLHandshakeException causes connections to fail
- Common SSL/TLS exceptions
- Common Kerberos exceptions
- Common SAML issues
- Internal Server Error in Kibana
- Setup-passwords command fails due to connection failure
- Failures due to relocation of the configuration files
- Limitations
- Alerting on Cluster and Index Events
- Command line tools
- How To
- Testing
- Glossary of terms
- X-Pack APIs
- Info API
- Cross-cluster replication APIs
- Explore API
- Licensing APIs
- Migration APIs
- Machine learning APIs
- Add events to calendar
- Add jobs to calendar
- Close jobs
- Create calendar
- Create datafeeds
- Create filter
- Create jobs
- Delete calendar
- Delete datafeeds
- Delete events from calendar
- Delete filter
- Delete forecast
- Delete jobs
- Delete jobs from calendar
- Delete model snapshots
- Find file structure
- Flush jobs
- Forecast jobs
- Get calendars
- Get buckets
- Get overall buckets
- Get categories
- Get datafeeds
- Get datafeed statistics
- Get influencers
- Get jobs
- Get job statistics
- Get machine learning info
- Get model snapshots
- Get scheduled events
- Get filters
- Get records
- Open jobs
- Post data to jobs
- Preview datafeeds
- Revert model snapshots
- Start datafeeds
- Stop datafeeds
- Update datafeeds
- Update filter
- Update jobs
- Update model snapshots
- Rollup APIs
- Security APIs
- Authenticate
- Change passwords
- Clear cache
- Clear roles cache
- Create or update application privileges
- Create or update role mappings
- Create or update roles
- Create or update users
- Delete application privileges
- Delete role mappings
- Delete roles
- Delete users
- Disable users
- Enable users
- Get application privileges
- Get role mappings
- Get roles
- Get token
- Get users
- Has privileges
- Invalidate token
- SSL certificate
- Watcher APIs
- Definitions
- Release Highlights
- Breaking changes
- Release Notes
- Elasticsearch version 6.5.4
- Elasticsearch version 6.5.3
- Elasticsearch version 6.5.2
- Elasticsearch version 6.5.1
- Elasticsearch version 6.5.0
- Elasticsearch version 6.4.3
- Elasticsearch version 6.4.2
- Elasticsearch version 6.4.1
- Elasticsearch version 6.4.0
- Elasticsearch version 6.3.2
- Elasticsearch version 6.3.1
- Elasticsearch version 6.3.0
- Elasticsearch version 6.2.4
- Elasticsearch version 6.2.3
- Elasticsearch version 6.2.2
- Elasticsearch version 6.2.1
- Elasticsearch version 6.2.0
- Elasticsearch version 6.1.4
- Elasticsearch version 6.1.3
- Elasticsearch version 6.1.2
- Elasticsearch version 6.1.1
- Elasticsearch version 6.1.0
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.1
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.0
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.0-rc2
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.0-rc1
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.0-beta2
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.0-beta1
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.0-alpha2
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.0-alpha1
- Elasticsearch version 6.0.0-alpha1 (Changes previously released in 5.x)
Built-in users
editBuilt-in users
editThe Elastic Stack security features provide built-in user credentials to help you get
up and running. These users have a fixed set of privileges and cannot be
authenticated until their passwords have been set. The elastic
user can be
used to set all of the built-in user passwords.
-
elastic
- A built-in superuser. See Built-in roles.
-
kibana
- The user Kibana uses to connect and communicate with Elasticsearch.
-
logstash_system
- The user Logstash uses when storing monitoring information in Elasticsearch.
-
beats_system
- The user the Beats use when storing monitoring information in Elasticsearch.
-
apm_system
- The user the APM server uses when storing monitoring information in Elasticsearch.
-
remote_monitoring_user
-
The user Metricbeat uses when collecting and
storing monitoring information in Elasticsearch. It has the
remote_monitoring_agent
andremote_monitoring_collector
built-in roles.
How the built-in users work
editThese built-in users are stored in a special .security
index, which is managed
by Elasticsearch. If a built-in user is disabled or its password
changes, the change is automatically reflected on each node in the cluster. If
your .security
index is deleted or restored from a snapshot, however, any
changes you have applied are lost.
Although they share the same API, the built-in users are separate and distinct from users managed by the native realm. Disabling the native realm will not have any effect on the built-in users. The built-in users can be disabled individually, using the disable users API.
The Elastic bootstrap password
editWhen you install Elasticsearch, if the elastic
user does not already have a password,
it uses a default bootstrap password. The bootstrap password is a transient
password that enables you to run the tools that set all the built-in user passwords.
By default, the bootstrap password is derived from a randomized keystore.seed
setting, which is added to the keystore during installation. You do not need
to know or change this bootstrap password. If you have defined a
bootstrap.password
setting in the keystore, however, that value is used instead.
For more information about interacting with the keystore, see
Secure Settings.
After you set passwords for the built-in users,
in particular for the elastic
user, there is no further use for the bootstrap
password.
Setting built-in user passwords
editYou must set the passwords for all built-in users.
The elasticsearch-setup-passwords
tool is the simplest method to set the
built-in users' passwords for the first time. It uses the elastic
user’s
bootstrap password to run user management API requests. For example, you can run
the command in an "interactive" mode, which prompts you to enter new passwords
for the elastic
, kibana
, logstash_system
, beats_system
, apm_system
,
and remote_monitoring_user
users:
bin/elasticsearch-setup-passwords interactive
For more information about the command options, see elasticsearch-setup-passwords.
After you set a password for the elastic
user, the bootstrap
password is no longer valid; you cannot run the elasticsearch-setup-passwords
command a second time.
Alternatively, you can set the initial passwords for the built-in users by using
the Management > Users page in Kibana or the
Change Password API. These methods are
more complex. You must supply the elastic
user and its bootstrap password to
log into Kibana or run the API. This requirement means that you cannot use the
default bootstrap password that is derived from the keystore.seed
setting.
Instead, you must explicitly set a bootstrap.password
setting in the keystore
before you start Elasticsearch. For example, the following command prompts you to enter a
new bootstrap password:
bin/elasticsearch-keystore add "bootstrap.password"
You can then start Elasticsearch and Kibana and use the elastic
user and bootstrap
password to log into Kibana and change the passwords. Alternatively, you can
submit Change Password API requests for each built-in user. These methods are
better suited for changing your passwords after the initial setup is complete,
since at that point the bootstrap password is no longer required.
Adding built-in user passwords to Kibana
editAfter the kibana
user password is set, you need to update the Kibana server
with the new password by setting elasticsearch.password
in the kibana.yml
configuration file:
elasticsearch.password: kibanapassword
See Configuring security in Kibana.
Adding built-in user passwords to Logstash
editThe logstash_system
user is used internally within Logstash when
monitoring is enabled for Logstash.
To enable this feature in Logstash, you need to update the Logstash
configuration with the new password by setting xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch.password
in
the logstash.yml
configuration file:
xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch.password: logstashpassword
If you have upgraded from an older version of Elasticsearch,
the logstash_system
user may have defaulted to disabled for security reasons.
Once the password has been changed, you can enable the user via the following API call:
PUT _xpack/security/user/logstash_system/_enable
See Configuring credentials for Logstash monitoring.
Adding built-in user passwords to Beats
editThe beats_system
user is used internally within Beats when monitoring is
enabled for Beats.
To enable this feature in Beats, you need to update the configuration for each of your beats to reference the correct username and password. For example:
xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch.username: beats_system xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch.password: beatspassword
For example, see Monitoring Metricbeat.
The remote_monitoring_user
is used when Metricbeat collects and stores
monitoring data for the Elastic Stack. See Monitoring in a production environment.
If you have upgraded from an older version of Elasticsearch, then you may not have set a
password for the beats_system
or remote_monitoring_user
users. If this is
the case, then you should use the Management > Users page in Kibana or the
Change Password API to set a password
for these users.
Adding built-in user passwords to APM
editThe apm_system
user is used internally within APM when monitoring is enabled.
To enable this feature in APM, you need to update the APM configuration file to reference the correct username and password. For example:
xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch.username: apm_system xpack.monitoring.elasticsearch.password: apmserverpassword
If you have upgraded from an older version of Elasticsearch, then you may not have set a
password for the apm_system
user. If this is the case,
then you should use the Management > Users page in Kibana or the
Change Password API to set a password
for these users.
Disabling default password functionality
editThis setting is deprecated. The elastic user no longer has a default password. The password must be set before the user can be used. See The Elastic bootstrap password.
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