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Index threshold

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Index threshold

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The index threshold rule type runs an Elasticsearch query. It aggregates field values from documents, compares them to threshold values, and schedules actions to run when the thresholds are met.

Rule conditions

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Defining index threshold rule conditions in Kibana

When you create an index threshold rule, you must define the conditions for the rule to detect. For example:

Index
This clause requires an index or data view and a time field that will be used for the time window.
When
This clause specifies how the value to be compared to the threshold is calculated. The value is calculated by aggregating a numeric field a the time window. The aggregation options are: count, average, sum, min, and max. When using count the document count is used, and an aggregation field is not necessary.
Over/Grouped Over
This clause lets you configure whether the aggregation is applied over all documents, or should be split into groups using a grouping field. If grouping is used, an alert will be created for each group when it exceeds the threshold. To limit the number of alerts on high cardinality fields, you must specify the number of groups to check against the threshold. Only the top groups are checked.
Threshold
This clause defines a threshold value and a comparison operator (one of is above, is above or equals, is below, is below or equals, or is between). The result of the aggregation is compared to this threshold.
Time window
This clause determines how far back to search for documents, using the time field set in the index clause. Generally this value should be to a value higher than the check every value, to avoid gaps in detection.

If data is available and all clauses have been defined, a preview chart will render the threshold value and display a line chart showing the value for the last 30 intervals. This can provide an indication of recent values and their proximity to the threshold, and help you tune the clauses.

Action variables

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The following action variables are specific to the index threshold rule. You can also specify variables common to all rules.

context.conditions
A description of the threshold condition. Example: count greater than 4
context.date
The date, in ISO format, that the rule met the threshold condition. Example: 2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z.
context.group
The name of the action group associated with the threshold condition. Example: threshold met.
context.message
A preconstructed message for the rule. Example:
rule 'kibana sites - high egress' is active for group 'threshold met':
- Value: 42
- Conditions Met: count greater than 4 over 5m
- Timestamp: 2020-01-01T00:00:00.000Z
context.title
A preconstructed title for the rule. Example: rule kibana sites - high egress met threshold.
context.value
The value for the rule that met the threshold condition.

Example

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In this example, you will use the Kibana sample weblog data set to set up and tune the conditions on an index threshold rule. For this example, you want to detect when any of the top four sites serve more than 420,000 bytes over a 24 hour period.

  1. Open the main menu, then click Stack Management > Rules.

  2. Create a new rule.

    1. Provide a rule name and select the Index threshold rule type.

      Choosing an index threshold rule type

    2. Select an index. Click Index, and set Indices to query to kibana_sample_data_logs. Set the Time field to @timestamp.

      Choosing an index

    3. To detect the number of bytes served during the time window, click When and select sum as the aggregation, and bytes as the field to aggregate.

      Choosing the aggregation

    4. To detect the four sites that have the most traffic, click Over and select top, enter 4, and select host.keyword as the field.

      Choosing the groups

    5. Define the condition. To trigger the rule when any of the top four sites exceeds 420,000 bytes over a 24 hour period, select is above and enter 420000. Then click For the last, enter 24, and select hours.

      Setting the threshold

    6. Schedule the rule to check every four hours.

      Setting the check interval

      The preview chart will render showing the 24 hour sum of bytes at 4 hours intervals (the check interval) for the past 120 hours (the last 30 intervals).

    7. Change the time window and observe the effect it has on the chart. Compare a 24 window to a 12 hour window. Notice the variability in the sum of bytes, due to different traffic levels during the day compared to at night. This variability would result in noisy rules, so the 24 hour window is better. The preview chart can help you find the right values for your rule.

    8. Define the actions for your rule.

      You can add one or more actions to your rule to generate notifications when its conditions are met and when they are no longer met. For each action, you must select a connector, set the action frequency, and compose the notification details. For example, add an action that uses a server log connector to write an entry to the Kibana server log:

      Add an action to the rule

      The index threshold rule does not support alert summaries; therefore they do not appear in the action frequency options.

      The unique action variables that you can use in the notification are listed in Action variables. For more information, refer to Actions and Connectors.

    9. Save the rule.

  3. Find the rule and view its details in Stack Management > Rules. For example, you can see the status of the rule and its alerts:

    View the list of alerts for the rule
  4. Delete or disable this example rule when it’s no longer useful. In the detailed rule view, select Delete rule from the actions menu.
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