IMPORTANT: No additional bug fixes or documentation updates will be released for this version. For the latest information, see the current release documentation.
« Histogram aggregation IP range aggregation »
Elastic Docs ›Elasticsearch Guide [8.11] ›Aggregations ›Bucket aggregations

IP prefix aggregation

edit

IP prefix aggregation

edit

A bucket aggregation that groups documents based on the network or sub-network of an IP address. An IP address consists of two groups of bits: the most significant bits which represent the network prefix, and the least significant bits which represent the host.

Example

edit

For example, consider the following index:

response = client.indices.create(
  index: 'network-traffic',
  body: {
    mappings: {
      properties: {
        "ipv4": {
          type: 'ip'
        },
        "ipv6": {
          type: 'ip'
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response

response = client.bulk(
  index: 'network-traffic',
  refresh: true,
  body: [
    {
      index: {
        _id: 0
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.1.10',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:112a:6001:0:12:7f10'
    },
    {
      index: {
        _id: 1
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.1.12',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:112a:6001:0:12:7f12'
    },
    {
      index: {
        _id: 2
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.1.33',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:112a:6001:0:12:7f33'
    },
    {
      index: {
        _id: 3
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.1.10',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:112a:6001:0:12:7f10'
    },
    {
      index: {
        _id: 4
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.2.41',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:112c:6001:0:12:7f41'
    },
    {
      index: {
        _id: 5
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.2.10',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:112c:6001:0:12:7f10'
    },
    {
      index: {
        _id: 6
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.2.23',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:112c:6001:0:12:7f23'
    },
    {
      index: {
        _id: 7
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.3.201',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:114f:6001:0:12:7201'
    },
    {
      index: {
        _id: 8
      }
    },
    {
      "ipv4": '192.168.3.107',
      "ipv6": '2001:db8:a4f8:114f:6001:0:12:7307'
    }
  ]
)
puts response
PUT network-traffic
{
    "mappings": {
        "properties": {
            "ipv4": { "type": "ip" },
            "ipv6": { "type": "ip" }
        }
    }
}

POST /network-traffic/_bulk?refresh
{"index":{"_id":0}}
{"ipv4":"192.168.1.10","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:112a:6001:0:12:7f10"}
{"index":{"_id":1}}
{"ipv4":"192.168.1.12","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:112a:6001:0:12:7f12"}
{"index":{"_id":2}}
{ "ipv4":"192.168.1.33","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:112a:6001:0:12:7f33"}
{"index":{"_id":3}}
{"ipv4":"192.168.1.10","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:112a:6001:0:12:7f10"}
{"index":{"_id":4}}
{"ipv4":"192.168.2.41","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:112c:6001:0:12:7f41"}
{"index":{"_id":5}}
{"ipv4":"192.168.2.10","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:112c:6001:0:12:7f10"}
{"index":{"_id":6}}
{"ipv4":"192.168.2.23","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:112c:6001:0:12:7f23"}
{"index":{"_id":7}}
{"ipv4":"192.168.3.201","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:114f:6001:0:12:7201"}
{"index":{"_id":8}}
{"ipv4":"192.168.3.107","ipv6":"2001:db8:a4f8:114f:6001:0:12:7307"}

The following aggregation groups documents into buckets. Each bucket identifies a different sub-network. The sub-network is calculated by applying a netmask with prefix length of 24 to each IP address in the ipv4 field:

response = client.search(
  index: 'network-traffic',
  body: {
    size: 0,
    aggregations: {
      "ipv4-subnets": {
        ip_prefix: {
          field: 'ipv4',
          prefix_length: 24
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
GET /network-traffic/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "ipv4-subnets": {
      "ip_prefix": {
        "field": "ipv4",
        "prefix_length": 24
      }
    }
  }
}

Response:

{
  ...

  "aggregations": {
    "ipv4-subnets": {
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "192.168.1.0",
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 4,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        },
        {
          "key": "192.168.2.0",
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 3,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        },
        {
           "key": "192.168.3.0",
           "is_ipv6": false,
           "doc_count": 2,
           "prefix_length": 24,
           "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

To aggregate IPv6 addresses, set is_ipv6 to true.

response = client.search(
  index: 'network-traffic',
  body: {
    size: 0,
    aggregations: {
      "ipv6-subnets": {
        ip_prefix: {
          field: 'ipv6',
          prefix_length: 64,
          "is_ipv6": true
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
GET /network-traffic/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "ipv6-subnets": {
      "ip_prefix": {
        "field": "ipv6",
        "prefix_length": 64,
        "is_ipv6": true
      }
    }
  }
}

If is_ipv6 is true, the response doesn’t include a netmask for each bucket.

{
  ...

  "aggregations": {
    "ipv6-subnets": {
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "2001:db8:a4f8:112a::",
          "is_ipv6": true,
          "doc_count": 4,
          "prefix_length": 64
        },
        {
          "key": "2001:db8:a4f8:112c::",
          "is_ipv6": true,
          "doc_count": 3,
          "prefix_length": 64
        },
        {
          "key": "2001:db8:a4f8:114f::",
          "is_ipv6": true,
          "doc_count": 2,
          "prefix_length": 64
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Parameters

edit
field
(Required, string) The document IP address field to aggregate on. The field mapping type must be ip.
prefix_length
(Required, integer) Length of the network prefix. For IPv4 addresses, the accepted range is [0, 32]. For IPv6 addresses, the accepted range is [0, 128].
is_ipv6
(Optional, boolean) Defines whether the prefix applies to IPv6 addresses. Just specifying the prefix_length parameter is not enough to know if an IP prefix applies to IPv4 or IPv6 addresses. Defaults to false.
append_prefix_length
(Optional, boolean) Defines whether the prefix length is appended to IP address keys in the response. Defaults to false.
keyed
(Optional, boolean) Defines whether buckets are returned as a hash rather than an array in the response. Defaults to false.
min_doc_count
(Optional, integer) Defines the minimum number of documents for buckets to be included in the response. Defaults to 1.

Response body

edit
key
(string) The IPv6 or IPv4 subnet.
prefix_length
(integer) The length of the prefix used to aggregate the bucket.
doc_count
(integer) Number of documents matching a specific IP prefix.
is_ipv6
(boolean) Defines whether the netmask is an IPv6 netmask.
netmask
(string) The IPv4 netmask. If is_ipv6 is true in the request, this field is missing in the response.

Keyed Response

edit

Set the keyed flag of true to associate an unique IP address key with each bucket and return sub-networks as a hash rather than an array.

Example:

response = client.search(
  index: 'network-traffic',
  body: {
    size: 0,
    aggregations: {
      "ipv4-subnets": {
        ip_prefix: {
          field: 'ipv4',
          prefix_length: 24,
          keyed: true
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
GET /network-traffic/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "ipv4-subnets": {
      "ip_prefix": {
        "field": "ipv4",
        "prefix_length": 24,
        "keyed": true
      }
    }
  }
}

Response:

{
  ...

  "aggregations": {
    "ipv4-subnets": {
      "buckets": {
        "192.168.1.0": {
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 4,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        },
        "192.168.2.0": {
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 3,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        },
        "192.168.3.0": {
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 2,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

Append the prefix length to the IP address key

edit

Set the append_prefix_length flag to true to catenate IP address keys with the prefix length of the sub-network.

Example:

response = client.search(
  index: 'network-traffic',
  body: {
    size: 0,
    aggregations: {
      "ipv4-subnets": {
        ip_prefix: {
          field: 'ipv4',
          prefix_length: 24,
          append_prefix_length: true
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
GET /network-traffic/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "ipv4-subnets": {
      "ip_prefix": {
        "field": "ipv4",
        "prefix_length": 24,
        "append_prefix_length": true
      }
    }
  }
}

Response:

{
  ...

  "aggregations": {
    "ipv4-subnets": {
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "192.168.1.0/24",
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 4,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        },
        {
          "key": "192.168.2.0/24",
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 3,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        },
        {
          "key": "192.168.3.0/24",
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 2,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

Minimum document count

edit

Use the min_doc_count parameter to only return buckets with a minimum number of documents.

response = client.search(
  index: 'network-traffic',
  body: {
    size: 0,
    aggregations: {
      "ipv4-subnets": {
        ip_prefix: {
          field: 'ipv4',
          prefix_length: 24,
          min_doc_count: 3
        }
      }
    }
  }
)
puts response
GET /network-traffic/_search
{
  "size": 0,
  "aggs": {
    "ipv4-subnets": {
      "ip_prefix": {
        "field": "ipv4",
        "prefix_length": 24,
        "min_doc_count": 3
      }
    }
  }
}

Response:

{
  ...

  "aggregations": {
    "ipv4-subnets": {
      "buckets": [
        {
          "key": "192.168.1.0",
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 4,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        },
        {
          "key": "192.168.2.0",
          "is_ipv6": false,
          "doc_count": 3,
          "prefix_length": 24,
          "netmask": "255.255.255.0"
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}
« Histogram aggregation IP range aggregation »