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Elastic Docs ›Elasticsearch Guide [8.11] ›REST APIs ›SQL APIs

SQL search API

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SQL search API

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Returns results for an SQL search.

POST _sql?format=txt
{
  "query": "SELECT * FROM library ORDER BY page_count DESC LIMIT 5"
}

Request

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GET _sql

POST _sql

Prerequisites

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  • If the Elasticsearch security features are enabled, you must have the read index privilege for the data stream, index, or alias you search.

Limitations

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See SQL Limitations.

Query parameters

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delimiter
(Optional, string) Separator for CSV results. Defaults to ,. The API only supports this parameter for CSV responses.
format

(Optional, string) Format for the response. For valid values, see Response Data Formats.

You can also specify a format using the Accept HTTP header. If you specify both this parameter and the Accept HTTP header, this parameter takes precedence.

Request body

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allow_partial_search_results
(Optional, Boolean) If true, returns partial results if there are shard request timeouts or shard failures. If false, returns an error with no partial results. Defaults to false.
catalog

(Optional, string) Default catalog (cluster) for queries. If unspecified, the queries execute on the data in the local cluster only.

[preview] This functionality is in technical preview and may be changed or removed in a future release. Elastic will work to fix any issues, but features in technical preview are not subject to the support SLA of official GA features. See cross-cluster search.

columnar
(Optional, Boolean) If true, returns results in a columnar format. Defaults to false. The API only supports this parameter for CBOR, JSON, SMILE, and YAML responses. See Columnar results.
cursor
(Optional, string) Cursor used to retrieve a set of paginated results. If you specify a cursor, the API only uses the columnar and time_zone request body parameters. It ignores other request body parameters.
fetch_size
(Optional, integer) Maximum number of rows to return in the response. Defaults to 1000.
field_multi_value_leniency
(Optional, Boolean) If false, the API returns an error for fields containing array values. If true, the API returns the first value from the array with no guarantee of consistent results. Defaults to false.
filter
(Optional, object) Query DSL used to filter documents for the SQL search. See Filtering using Elasticsearch Query DSL.
index_include_frozen
(Optional, Boolean) If true, the search can run on frozen indices. Defaults to false.
keep_alive
(Optional, time value) Retention period for an async or saved synchronous search. Defaults to 5d (five days).
keep_on_completion
(Optional, Boolean) If true, Elasticsearch stores synchronous searches if you also specify the wait_for_completion_timeout parameter. If false, Elasticsearch only stores async searches that don’t finish before the wait_for_completion_timeout. Defaults to false.
page_timeout
(Optional, time value) Minimum retention period for the scroll cursor. After this time period, a pagination request might fail because the scroll cursor is no longer available. Subsequent scroll requests prolong the lifetime of the scroll cursor by the duration of page_timeout in the scroll request. Defaults to 45s (45 seconds).
params
(Optional, array) Values for parameters in the query. For syntax, see Passing parameters to a query.
query
(Required, object) SQL query to run. For syntax, see SQL Language.
request_timeout
(Optional, time value) Timeout before the request fails. Defaults to 90s (90 seconds).
runtime_mappings

(Optional, object of objects) Defines one or more runtime fields in the search request. These fields take precedence over mapped fields with the same name.

Properties of runtime_mappings objects
<field-name>

(Required, object) Configuration for the runtime field. The key is the field name.

Properties of <field-name>
type

(Required, string) Field type, which can be any of the following:

  • boolean
  • composite
  • date
  • double
  • geo_point
  • ip
  • keyword
  • long
  • lookup
script

(Optional, string) Painless script executed at query time. The script has access to the entire context of a document, including the original _source and any mapped fields plus their values.

This script must include emit to return calculated values. For example:

"script": "emit(doc['@timestamp'].value.dayOfWeekEnum.toString())"
time_zone
(Optional, string) ISO-8601 time zone ID for the search. Several SQL date/time functions use this time zone. Defaults to Z (UTC).
wait_for_completion_timeout

(Optional, time value) Period to wait for complete results. Defaults to no timeout, meaning the request waits for complete search results. If the search doesn’t finish within this period, the search becomes async.

To save a synchronous search, you must specify this parameter and the keep_on_completion parameter.

Response body

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The SQL search API supports multiple response formats. Most response formats use a tabular layout. JSON responses contain the following properties:

id
(string) Identifier for the search. This value is only returned for async and saved synchronous searches. For CSV, TSV, and TXT responses, this value is returned in the Async-ID HTTP header.
is_running
(Boolean) If true, the search is still running. If false, the search has finished. This value is only returned for async and saved synchronous searches. For CSV, TSV, and TXT responses, this value is returned in the Async-partial HTTP header.
is_partial

(Boolean) If true, the response does not contain complete search results. If is_partial is true and is_running is true, the search is still running. If is_partial is true but is_running is false, the results are partial due to a failure or timeout.

This value is only returned for async and saved synchronous searches. For CSV, TSV, and TXT responses, this value is returned in the Async-partial HTTP header.

rows
(array of arrays) Values for the search results.
columns

(array of objects) Column headings for the search results. Each object is a column.

Properties of columns objects
name
(string) Name of the column.
type
(string) Data type for the column.
cursor
(string) Cursor for the next set of paginated results. For CSV, TSV, and TXT responses, this value is returned in the Cursor HTTP header.
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