- Elasticsearch Guide: other versions:
- Getting Started
- Set up Elasticsearch
- Installing Elasticsearch
- Configuring Elasticsearch
- Important Elasticsearch configuration
- Important System Configuration
- Bootstrap Checks
- Heap size check
- File descriptor check
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- Stopping Elasticsearch
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- Breaking changes
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- Ingest changes
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- Reindex changes
- REST changes
- Scripting changes
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- Settings changes
- Stats and info changes
- Breaking changes in 6.1
- Breaking changes in 6.0
- X-Pack Breaking Changes
- API Conventions
- Document APIs
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- Aggregations
- Metrics Aggregations
- Avg Aggregation
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- Significant Text Aggregation
- Terms Aggregation
- Pipeline Aggregations
- Avg Bucket Aggregation
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- Max Bucket Aggregation
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- Sum Bucket Aggregation
- Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Extended Stats Bucket Aggregation
- Percentiles Bucket Aggregation
- Moving Average Aggregation
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- Bucket Script Aggregation
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- Serial Differencing Aggregation
- Matrix Aggregations
- Caching heavy aggregations
- Returning only aggregation results
- Aggregation Metadata
- Returning the type of the aggregation
- Metrics Aggregations
- Indices APIs
- Create Index
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- cat APIs
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- Anatomy of an analyzer
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- Modules
- Index Modules
- Ingest Node
- Pipeline Definition
- Ingest APIs
- Accessing Data in Pipelines
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- Processors
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- Monitoring Elasticsearch
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- Security APIs
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- Definitions
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- How To
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- Glossary of terms
- Release Notes
- 6.1.4 Release Notes
- 6.1.3 Release Notes
- 6.1.2 Release Notes
- 6.1.1 Release Notes
- 6.1.0 Release Notes
- 6.0.1 Release Notes
- 6.0.0 Release Notes
- 6.0.0-rc2 Release Notes
- 6.0.0-rc1 Release Notes
- 6.0.0-beta2 Release Notes
- 6.0.0-beta1 Release Notes
- 6.0.0-alpha2 Release Notes
- 6.0.0-alpha1 Release Notes
- 6.0.0-alpha1 Release Notes (Changes previously released in 5.x)
- X-Pack Release Notes
WARNING: Version 6.1 of Elasticsearch has passed its EOL date.
This documentation is no longer being maintained and may be removed. If you are running this version, we strongly advise you to upgrade. For the latest information, see the current release documentation.
How to use scripts
editHow to use scripts
editWherever scripting is supported in the Elasticsearch API, the syntax follows the same pattern:
The language the script is written in, which defaults to |
|
The script itself which may be specified as |
|
Any named parameters that should be passed into the script. |
For example, the following script is used in a search request to return a scripted field:
PUT my_index/my_type/1 { "my_field": 5 } GET my_index/_search { "script_fields": { "my_doubled_field": { "script": { "lang": "expression", "source": "doc['my_field'] * multiplier", "params": { "multiplier": 2 } } } } }
Script Parameters
edit-
lang
-
Specifies the language the script is written in. Defaults to
painless
. -
source
,id
-
Specifies the source of the script. An
inline
script is specifiedsource
as in the example above. Astored
script is specifiedid
and is retrieved from the cluster state (see Stored Scripts). -
params
- Specifies any named parameters that are passed into the script as variables.
The first time Elasticsearch sees a new script, it compiles it and stores the compiled version in a cache. Compilation can be a heavy process.
If you need to pass variables into the script, you should pass them in as
named params
instead of hard-coding values into the script itself. For
example, if you want to be able to multiply a field value by different
multipliers, don’t hard-code the multiplier into the script:
"source": "doc['my_field'] * 2"
Instead, pass it in as a named parameter:
"source": "doc['my_field'] * multiplier", "params": { "multiplier": 2 }
The first version has to be recompiled every time the multiplier changes. The second version is only compiled once.
If you compile too many unique scripts within a small amount of time,
Elasticsearch will reject the new dynamic scripts with a
circuit_breaking_exception
error. By default, up to 15 inline scripts per
minute will be compiled. You can change this setting dynamically by setting
script.max_compilations_rate
.
Short Script Form
editA short script form can be used for brevity. In the short form, script
is represented
by a string instead of an object. This string contains the source of the script.
Short form:
"script": "ctx._source.likes++"
The same script in the normal form:
"script": { "source": "ctx._source.likes++" }
Stored Scripts
editScripts may be stored in and retrieved from the cluster state using the
_scripts
end-point.
Request Examples
editThe following are examples of using a stored script that lives at
/_scripts/{id}
.
First, create the script called calculate-score
in the cluster state:
POST _scripts/calculate-score { "script": { "lang": "painless", "source": "Math.log(_score * 2) + params.my_modifier" } }
This same script can be retrieved with:
GET _scripts/calculate-score
Stored scripts can be used by specifying the id
parameters as follows:
GET _search { "query": { "script": { "script": { "id": "calculate-score", "params": { "my_modifier": 2 } } } } }
And deleted with:
DELETE _scripts/calculate-score
Script Caching
editAll scripts are cached by default so that they only need to be recompiled
when updates occur. By default, scripts do not have a time-based expiration, but
you can change this behavior by using the script.cache.expire
setting.
You can configure the size of this cache by using the script.cache.max_size
setting.
By default, the cache size is 100
.
The size of stored scripts is limited to 65,535 bytes. This can be
changed by setting script.max_size_in_bytes
setting to increase that soft
limit, but if scripts are really large then a
native script engine should be considered.